第一学期英语基础语翻译教案.docx

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第一学期英语基础语翻译教案.docx

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第一学期英语基础语翻译教案.docx

第一学期英语基础语翻译教案

课程

英语基础语翻译

班级

09应用英语

学期

第一学期

课时

4

累计课时

56

教师

雷荣海

上课日期

8.26

课程类型

专业英语翻译理论与实践

课程名称

(章、节)

基础翻译

教学目的

要求

翻译能力培养

教学重点

长句翻译

教学难点

长句拆译

主要教具

设备材料

自备讲义

课后记

教学内容(板书)

备注

第一章翻译实践中的短语处理

第一节名词词组

一、汉语主谓结构名词词组

(1)ASasakwawaFoundationdonationof$1.6milliontoMasseyUniversityintheNewZealandcityofPalmerstonNorthwashardlyenoughtomakeasmallholeintheSasakwawaFoundationprettycashreserves.

(2)(WhydoestheMoonappearlargerwhenitisrisingorsetting?

)Scientistshavecomeupwithvariousexplanations,includingthemusclestainforthepersonlookingupandthecomparisonoftheMoonwithotherthingsonthehorizonthatmakesitappearlarger,butthusfarthereisnowidelyacceptedexplanationofthephenomenon.

(3)PresidentBillClintoncametoWhiteHousewithhiscampaignpledgetospendanadditional$20000millionannuallyonAmerica’sinfrastructuretodeveloptheworldbestcommunication,transportation,environmentalsystem.

教案

教案

教学内容(板书)

备注

第二节词组为“形容词+名词”偏正结构

1.因果关系

Somepeoplemaysuspecthimofadegreeofunderbredpride.

2.间接修饰关系。

Afamousmaddoctorwillcometoouruniversitytogivealectureonmentaldiseases.

3.直接修饰关系

Oneshouldalwayshaveacheerfulpositiveoutlookonlife.

4.逻辑主语关系

(1)Thesolar-powerd,sixwheeled,22-poundvehiclewillseewhereit’goingwith2tinyTVcameras.

5.并列关系

Therespectinwhichhewasholdwaspartlyowingtothemanhimself,withhiswarmfriendlinessandhisgayspirits.

教案

教学内容(板书)

备注

第二章偏正词组

第一节形容词短语

(一)含补足意义的形容词短语

该类形容词短语构成句子部分信息,补足其所修饰的名词词组意义,可灵活译为多种汉语形式。

1.形容词词组充当非限制性定语。

(1)Thusthenewnationsecuredforitsbirthrightavastinternalempirerichinagriculturalandmineralresources.

说明:

该形容词短语结构简单,译为前置宾语。

(2)CerroPrieto,twentymilessouthoftheUnitedStatesborders,isalargegeothermalenergyfiled,likelytoproduce1000megawattsofelectricityannuallybytheearly1990’s.

(3)Scientistsestimatethatabout35000otherobjects,toosmalltodetectwithradarbutdetectablewithpowerfulEarth-basedtelescopes,arealsocirclingtheEarthatanaltitudeof200to700miles.

说明

(2)---(3):

形容词短语冗长,转译为独立分句。

教案

教学内容(板书)

备注

(4)Wewereinterruptedwhenourcousin,Mary,asix-grader,redhaired,tallandskinnyasspaghetti,appearedinthedoorway..

(5).Withthreethousandmillionstarsinit,thegalaxyhasasizeunthinkableinusualterms.

说明(4)—(5):

形容词短语转译为谓语结构。

2.形容词短语充当表语,补足主语意义,常以为汉语动词结构。

(1)Theyoungofmostbirdspeciesaretotallydependentonparentalcareafterhatching.

(2)Barbaraseemedcompletelyhazyaboutthingsonwitchshehadbeenquitecertainattheoriginaltrialfiveyearsearlier.

第二节含状语功能的形容词短语

(1.)Abletogoalmostanywhere,evenovertheAlleghenybarrier,therailroaddefiedweather.

(2).Oftenmodestly-colored,andseeminglytwo-dimensionalastheyclingtowhatevertheyfind,inchesgrowinbackgroundasthoughdesignedtobeignored.

教案

教学内容(板书)

备注

(3)Anxioustocheckinflationandrisinglivingcosts,thefederalgovernmentappointedaboardofsupervisorstohandledeliveriesfromthecropsof1917and1918.

第三章介词短语

第一节

.with…词组

(1)Today,educationandrelatedresearchcontinuetobeM.I.T.’scontrolpurpose,withrelevancetothepracticalworldasguidingprinciple.

说明:

With…词组可汉译为并列分句。

(2).AspecialattractionistheDollGallery,withpiecesfromthecollectionsofformerSenatorBarryGoldwater.

(3)Naturally,withsuchdistances,theclimateintheContinentalU.S.alsocoversgreatextremes.

(4)ManyThirdWorldnationswithhighunemploymentandlowwageshaveseenanemigrationofworkerstothedevelopednations.

教案

教学内容(板书)

备注

(5)ThroughouttheU.S.tensofthousandsofpeoplewithheartsthatshouldbegoodenoughtokeepthemalivedieorlackofadequatefirstaid.

(6).(Knowledgeispower,butstillmoretheabilityofacquiringandusingknowledgeispower)…Ifyoucomeoutofcollegewithatrainedmindadnothinguseforinit,youwillstillbeahead.Andstill,inamanner,educated..

说明:

“with…”词组汉译为动宾结构。

(7)Hewasatall,lankyyoungmanwithslightlydroopedshouldersandanunrulymopofcoarsedarkhairthatsweepacrosshisforehead.

(8)Withtheactionofsunlightoncellscontainingchlorophyllandothermaterials,chemicalreactionsoccurintrees,andoxygenisreleased.

(9)Hallallowedthathewasagoodtenor.Withthat,theysentabellboyaroundthelobbytofindabass.

说明:

“with…”词组作为固定结构,意为“于是”,“说着就…”。

教案

教学内容(板书)

备注

第二节

as…词组

“as…+NP。

”意为身份、用途、目的等语义,翻译时不必囿于“作为……”形式。

(1)Scottsdale’slongtimemayor,HerbDrinkwater,cametotheSunValleyasateenagerduringthe1940s,soasthmaticthathislipsandfingernailsturnedbluewitheffortofwalkingacrossaroom.

(2)AnkaraseesitsplannedoilpipelinerasakeytoTurkey’emergenceastheregion’sleadingpoliticalandeconomicpower.

(3)Ihadtoadmitsheknewhebusinessasadesigner.

(4)Solarpowerisreceivingwideattentionasapossiblesourceofclean,inexpensiveandabundantenergy.

(5)(5)SomeofthenotebooksGeorgeWashingtonkeptasayoungmanarestillinexistencetoday.

教案

教学内容(板书)

备注

第三节

between…

翻译时根据上下文判断“between…”之后各语言单元的并列关系,避免歧义的产生。

(1)Historicallinguisticsismainlyconcernedwiththehistoricalrelationsbetweenandwithinlanguages.

(2)Inconsideringhowthoseaffectedbyfolkloreviewit,malinowskireferstotheTrobriandIslanderswhodifferentiatebetweenwhathedefinesasfairytales,legendsandmyths.

说明:

“between”一般用于二者之间,该句中“between”之后有三个并列成分,用以强调每二者间的区别,再如“

Canyoutellthedifferencebetweengases,liquidsandsolids?

(3)Theconnectionbetweenconceptsandstatementsontheonehandandsensorydateontheotherhandisestablishedthroughactsofcountingandmeasuring.

教案

教学内容(板书)

备注

(4)Thesmallfarmwouldneverhavesupportedahiredhand.Haggandhiswiferanitbetweenthem.

说明:

“dosomethingbetween…”指两人共同做……。

(5)Onehastochoosebetweenbeingpopularandbeingtruetoone’sinnermostideals.

(6)Shemilkedthecows,fedthepigsandchickens,andcollectedtheeggs.Betweenthesechores,shebustledintothekitchentopreparethemeal.

说明:

“between”指“前后几件事的间隔之中”。

第四节

四)among…词组

1.“among”原意为“在……中间”,用于三者或三者以上。

(1)Myhometownstandsamongthehill.

(2)Intensive-careunitsofhospitals,communicationsandmicroelectronicsareamongthesectorslikelytobeunaffectedbyclimaticchange.

(3)YoungCharleswasapreciousreaders,andasachildbrowsedamongthepreviouscentury.

教案

教学内容(板书)

备注

2.”among+形容词最高级”,用作标语或补足语时,表示“……之一”。

(1).ThoughthefirmemployedsomeofAmerica’sfinestartists,artisticexcellentstillcouldnotbecountedamongthefirm’srealgoals.

(2).Amongthemostversatileofthecommonmetals,leadwaswidelyvaluedandusedinancienttimes.

说明“among…”词组补足主语“lead”的意义。

3.ClaraMasswastheonlywomantoparticipateintheexperimentinsearchofthecauseofyellowfeverandamongthefewvolunteerstodiefromit.amongotherthings可译为“除…之外,还......”;“尤其……”。

(1)AmongotherthingsthefallofConstantinopleplantedtheseedsofthecurrentwarfarebetweenChristiansandMuslinsinBosnia

(2)Amongotherthings,MalsonwantstheHighLama’shelpinturningovertotheauthoritiestheAmerican,HenryBarnard,whoisanembezzlertravelingincognito.

教案

教学内容(板书)

备注

第四章介词短语2与非限制性动词

第一节

含“of…”词组

依据of…介词词组与其前面的名词词组的各种不同意义的关系,灵活翻译。

1.逻辑动宾关系

“the+动作名词+of…词组结构中,后名词词组是其前面动作的逻辑宾语。

(1)Thisgroupofexhibitionhallsandshoppingcentershadfallenonhardtimes,butbeginningwiththeconstructionofanewcityhallimmediatelyadjacent,ithasreturnedtolifewiththeskill

Fullreuseoftherefineoldbuildings.

2.逻辑主谓关系

(1)ThisjuxtapositionofthetranquilandtheviolentwasanalmostcompulsivepreoccupationofPicasso’sinthe20sand30s.

教案

教学内容(板书)

备注

第二节非限制性动词

(一)形容词性非限定动词短语

(1)Thedigitalcomputerisanelectronicmachinewhichcontainsthousandsoftinycircuitscharacterizedbythefactthattheyhaveonlytwostates:

completeandbroken..

(2)Theuniverseconsistsofbillionsofgalaxiesflyingapartasiffromanexplosionthatsetinmotion

(3)AnovelcarwillbeseenattheracetobeheldatLeMans,France,in1995.

(4)HeavyTVwatchersappearedtobesomewhatdesensitizedor“turnedoff”toviolence,suggestingthepossibilityofanemotionalbluntinginthepresenceofwitnessviolence.

教案

教学内容(板书)

备注

(二)副词性非限定动词短语

(1)Theseatriallastedatotalof8days,givingthechiefengineeraopportunitytotestfuelconsumptionoffreightatalltypesofweatherconditions.

(2)“Sir”Duncansaid,speakingbeforethePresidentcouldopenthemeetingandeyeinghimforhisreaction“Isuggestwelettheengineeringreportwaituntilwe’vedoneourotherbusiness”.

(3)Thesecomputersareadvertisedashavingmemoriesof16Kof512K.dependingontheirstoragecapacity.

(4)PrimarymemoryiscloselyassociatedwiththeCPUbecauseitstoresprogramsanddatatemporarily,makingthemimmediatelyavailableforprocessingbytheCPU.

教案

教学内容(板书)

备注

第五章主要句型结构

第一节定语从句

定语从句不仅局限于限定先行项,其语法、语义功能丰富多样,汉语翻译时挖掘句子深层结构中逻辑意义关系,灵活变更原定语从句成分及表达形式。

(1)Inhalftheareaofthecountry,containing25percentofitspopulation,gethelpresidentsmustcalla7-digitemergencynumberthatvariesfromarea,whichcanresultinlife–robbingdelayofseveralminutes.

(2)Historically,thestandardvarietyofEnglishisbasedontheLondondialectofEnglishthatdevelopedaftertheNormanConquestresultedintheremovaloftheCourtWinchestertoLondon.

(3)(Theartificialarmapproachesanidealinthescienceofprostheticsbecauseitrespondstodirectionsfromthebrain).Tencontactheadsinthedevicewornaroundthewais

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