语法规则被动语态.docx
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语法规则被动语态
英语动词有两种语态：
主动语态和被动语态。
初中阶段的被动语态有五种时态，我们可以从以下方面进行小结：
一、被动语态的时态及结构（以动词do为例）结构：
主语+be+过去分词时态：
1.一般现在时：
am（is,are）done.2.带情态动词的被动语态：
must（can,may,should,need,would）bedone3.一般过去时：
was（were）done *4.一般将来时：
will（shall）bedone *5.现在进行时：
am（is,are）beingdone6.现在完成时：
have（has）beendone 二、从初中阶段所学五种基本句型谈变被动语态时应注意的问题。
1．主语+连系动词+表语（S+V+P）此结构不可用被动语态。
（正）Theflowerssmellsweet.（误）Theflowersaresmeltsweet.2．主语+不及物动词（S+V）此结构不可变被动语态。
（正）Anaccidenthappenedlastnight.（误）Anaccidentwashappenedlastnight.3．主语+及物动词+宾语（S+V+O）
（1）将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语Childrenoftensingthissong Thissongisoftensungbychildren.
（2）将含有介词或副词的动词短语变为被动结构时，不可将介词或副词去掉。
Weshouldlistentotheteacherscarefully.Theteachersshouldbelistenedtocarefully.4．主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（S+V+IO+DO）
（1）.将表人的间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语不变。
Heshowedusapicture.Wewereshownapicture.
（2）.将指物的直接宾语变为主语，要在间接宾语前加介词to或for.常用加to的动词give,show,pass,read等常用加for的动词buy,get,make,sing,draw等Apicturewasshowntous.Adictionarywasboughtformebymyparents.5．主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语（S+V+O+C）如动词为make,see,hear,watch等，后接宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时，变被动语态时要加上“to”。
Isawhimfalloffthetree.Hewasseentofalloffthetree.6."be+过去分词"并非都是被动语态，系动词be,feel,seem,look,等词后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，作表语用，表示某种状态。
I'minterestedinmathematics.我对数学感兴趣。
初中被动语态练习题
1.
（）1ThePeople'sRepublicofChina__onOctober1,1949.
A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound
（）2English____inCanada.
A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken
（）3ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.
A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung
（）4Thiskindofcar___inJapan.
A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade
（）5Newcomputers___allovertheworld.
A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused
2
（）1Ourroommust___clean.
A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep
（）2-I'dliketobuythatcoat.-I'msorry.___.
A.itsoldB.it'ssellingC.It'sbeensoldD.ithadbeensold
（）3Anewhouse___atthecorneroftheroad.
A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding
（）4Thekey___onthetablewhenIleave.
A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft
（）5Doctors___ineverypartoftheworld.
A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed
（）6Hisnewbook___nextmonth.
A.willbepublishedB.ispublishingC.isbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublished
3
（）1Japanese___ineverycountry.
A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeaking
（）2Thesepapers___yet.A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwrittenC.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwritten
（）3Thesportsmeet___behelduntilnextweek.
A.didn'tB.won'tC.isn'tD.doesn't
4
（）1-Myshoesarewornout.
A.Can'ttheybemended?
B.Letmehavealookatit.C.Howmuchdotheycost?
D.Can'ttheymended?
（）2___thewatchbeenrepairedyet?
Ibadlyneedit.
A.DoesB.HasC.IsD.Are
（）3___thesedesksbeneeded?
A.WillB.AreC.HasD.Do
5
（）1Why___totalkaboutityesterday?
A.didn'tameetingholdB.wasn'tameetingheldC.wasn'theldameetingD.ameetingwasn'theld
（）2Whowasthebook___?
A.writeB.wroteC.writtenD.writtenby
（）3Where___theseboxesmade?
A.wasB.wereC.isD.am
6
（）1Theflowers___often.
A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwater
（）2Thebooksmay___fortwoweeks.
A.bekeptB.beborrowedC.keepD.borrow
（）3Thebrokenbike____herebyMrSmith.
A.canmendB.canmendedC.canbemendD.canbemend
7
（）1Theoldbridgeinmyhometown___nextmonth.
A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willrebuiltC.aregoingtoberebuiltD.aregoingtorebuilt
（）2Theplay___atthetheatrenextSunday.
A.isgoingtobeshownB.willshownC.willshowD.isshown
（）3Theoldstonebridge___nextweek
.A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willberebuildC.aregoingtoberebuiltD.willrebuild
8
（）1Nowthesemagazines__inthelibraryforalongtime.
A.havekeptB.arekeepingC.havebeenkeepingD.havebeenkept
（）2Thepot___for___hotwater
.A.used;keepingB.wasused;keepingC.isused;tokeepD.areused;keep
（）3Tea___inthesouthofChina.
A.growsB.isgrownC.weregrownD.willgrow
（）4Thebridges___twoyearsago.
A.isbuiltB.builtC.werebuiltD.wasbuilt
（）5Wetclothesareoften___upnearafireinrainyweather
.A.hangB.hangedC.hangingD.hung
9
（）1Theriversmellsterrible.Peoplemust___dirtythingsintoit.
A.bestoppedtothrowB.bestoppedfromthrowingC.stoptothrowD.stopfromthrowing
（）2Theteapot___water
.A.isfilledwithB.filledofC.fullingofD.filled
（）3Oldpeoplemustbelookedafterwelland___politely.
A.speaktoB.spokenC.speakD.spokento
（）4Oldpeoplemust___.
A.lookafterwellB.belookedwellafterC.lookedwellafterD.belookedafterwell
10
（）1Newly-bornbabies___inhospital.
A.aretakengoodcareB.aretakengoodcareofC.takegoodcareofD.takegoodcare
（）2Theywere___atthesuddennoise.
A.frighteningB.frightenedC.frightenD.frightens
（）3Thesewalls___stone.
A.aremadeofB.madeof.C.aremadeintoD.madeinto
11
（）1Jane___tosingusanAmericansonglastSaturday.
A.calledB.wasaskedC.toldD.wassaid
（）2Thepapers___tothem.
A.wereshownB.showC.shown/D.haveshown
（）3Thecoat___hersister.
A.madetoB.weremadeforC.wasmadeforD.wasmadeto
12
（）1I___fiveminutestodecidewhetherIshouldgoornot.
A.gaveB.wasgivingC.hadgivenD.wasgiven
（）2Goodcare____suchthings.A.shouldtakeofB.shouldbetakenC.shouldbetakingD.shouldbetakenof
（）3Shewill____goodcare____.
A.take;ofB.betaken;ofC.take;foryouD.betaken;ofyou
13
（）1Theteachermadehim___hishomework.
A.todoB.doC.didD.done
（）2Theboy_streetswithoutpayintheolddays.
A.wasmadetocleanB.madecleanC.madetocleanD.wasmadeclean
（）3Thesechildren____dance.
A.wereseentoB.wereseenforC.wereseenD.sawto
14
（）1Thesestones___well.
A.arefittedB.fitC.fitsD.isfitted
（）2Thebike___500yuan.
A.wascostB.costedC.costD.iscosted
（）3Theimportantmeeting___onacoldmorninglastyear.
A.was'hadB.washeldC.heldD.had
15
（）1Greatchanges___inthepasttenyearsinChina.
A.tookplaceB.havetakenplaceC.weretakingplaceD.hadtakenplace
（）2Youcan'tusethecomputer,it____.
A.wasbrokendownB.iswrongC.isbadD.hasbrokendown
（）3Greatchanges___inourcountryduringthepast20years.
A.havehappenedB.happenedC.havebeenhappenedD.werehappened
（）4Thewatchhasoften___down.
A.satB.lainC.brokenD.fell
16
（）1Pleasepassmeanothercup.Thisone___.
A.isbrokenB.isbreakingC.brokeD.broken
（）2Thestorybooks___bythewriterinthe1960s.A.arewrittenB.werewrittenC.arewritingD.werewriting
（）3Whattime___thedoor___everyday?
A.does;closedB.does;closeC.is;closedD./;close
17
（）1Canhe___himself?
A.getdressB.getdressedC.getsdressedD.insteadof
（）2Hefellfromhisbikeand___.
A.ishurtB.getshurtC.gothurtD.hurt
（）3Lookout,pleasekeepawayfromthefire,oryourtrouserswill__
A.burntB.burnC.burningD.getburn
18
（）1Theapple___verysweet.
A.istastedB.taste-C.tastesD.aretasting
（）2You___morebeautifulinthelightblueshirt.
A.seeB.watchC.lookD.lookat
（）3Whatyousaid___.likeagoodidea.
A.heardB.listenedC.soundD.sounded
19
（）1-WhatdoyouthinkoftheTVplay?
-Wonderful.Itisworth___asecondtime.
A.watchingB.watchedC.seenD.seeing
（）2Howdirtythetablesare!
Theyneed___.
A.tocleanB.cleanC.cleaningD.cleaned
（）3Thebookisworth___.
A.seeingB.readingC.seenD.read
参考答案：
1.1-5BDDDC 2.1-6BCBBCA 3.1-3ABB 4.1-3ABA 5.1-3BDB
6.1-3BAD7.1-3ABA8.1-5DBBCD9.1-4BADD
10.1-3BBA11.1-3BAC12.1-3DDB13.1-3BAA
14.1-4BCB15.1-4BDAC16.1-3ABC17.1-3BCD
18.1-3CCD19.1-3ACB
选择题
1._____anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyear?
A.Is;builtB.Was;builtC.Does;buildD.Did;build
2.Anaccident____onthisroadlastweek.
A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened
3.Cotton____inthesoutheastofChina.
A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow
4.Sofar,themoon____bymanalready.
A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited
5.AtalkonChinesehistory_____intheschoolhallnextweek.
A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives
6.Alotofthings____bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.
A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone
7.Thedoctor_____foryet.
A.isn'tsentB.hasn'tbeensentC.won'tbesentD.wasn'tsent
8.--When___thiskindofcomputer______?
--Lastyear.
A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used
9.Who_____thisbook_____?
A.did;writtenB.was;writtenbyC.did;writtenD.was;written
10.Mary____showmehernewdictionary.
A.hasaskedtoB.wasaskedtoC.isaskedD.asksto
11.Astory_____byGrannyyesterday.
A.wastoldusB.wastoldtousC.istoldusD.toldus
12.Themonkeywasseen_____offthetree.
A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump
13.Olderpeople____well.
A.looksafterB.mustbelookedafterC.mustlookafterD.lookedafter
14.Ourteacher______carefully.
A.shouldbelistenedtoB.shouldbelistenC.belistenedD.islistened
15.Insomepartoftheworld,tea_______withmilkandsugar.
A.isservingB.isservedC.servesD.served
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