中考语法状语从句复习.docx
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中考语法状语从句复习
【考点直击】
1.时间状语从句2.条件状语从句3.原因状语从句4.结果状语从句
5.比较状语从句6.目的状语从句7.让步状语从句8.地点状语从句
【名师点睛】
用来修饰主句中的动词,副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。
根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句,地点状语从句,条件状语从句,原因状语从句,结果状语从句,比较状语从句,目的状语从句,让步状语从句。
1.时间状语从句
(1)时间状语从句常用when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,assoonas等连词来引导。
例如:
Itwasraininghardwhengottoschoolyesterday.
Whilehewasdoinghishomework,thetelephonerang.
Ashewalkedalongthelake,hesanghappily.
HehadlearnedalittleChinesebeforehecametoChina.
Afterhefinishedmiddleschool,hewenttoworkinafactory.
(2)在时间状语从句里,通常不用将来时态,用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。
例如:
I’llringyouupassoonasIgettoNewYork.
Iwilltellhimeverythingwhenhecomesback.
Hewon’tbelieveituntilheseesitwithhisowneyes.
(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里,如果主句用肯定式,其含义是“一直到……时”,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。
如果主句用否定式,其含义是“直到……才……”,“在……以前不……”,谓语动词可用瞬间动词。
例如:
Theyoungmanreadtillthelightwentout.
Let’swaituntiltherainstops.
Wewon’tstartuntilBobcomes.
Don’tgetoffuntilthebusstops.
2.条件状语从句
(1)条件状语从句通常由if,unless引导。
例如:
Whatshallwedoifitsnowstomorrow?
Don’tleavethebuildingunlessItellyouto.
(2)在条件状语从句里,谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。
例如:
I’llhelpyouwithyourEnglishifamfreetomorrow.
Hewon’tbelateunlessheisill.
(3)“祈使句+and(or)+陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。
例如:
Hurryup,oryou’llbelate.
=Ifyoudon’thurryup,you’llbelate.
Studyhardandyouwillpasstheexam.
=Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.
3.原因状语从句
(1)原因状语从句通常由because,since,as引导。
例如:
Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.
Asitisraining,weshallnotgothezoo.
Sinceyoucan’tanswerthequestion,I’llasksomeoneelse.
(2)because表示直接原因,语气最强。
Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。
回答由why提出的问题,只能用because。
As和since语气较弱,一般用来表示明显的原因。
由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。
例如:
------Whyaren’tgoingthere?
------BecauseIdon’twantto.
Ashehasnocar,hecan’tgetthereeasily.
Sincewehavenomoney,wecan’tbuyit.
(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。
4.结果状语从句
(1)结果状语从句由so…that,such…that,sothat引导。
例如:
Heissopoorthathecan’tbuyabikeforhisson.
Sheissuchagoodteacherthateverybodylikesher.
Mypencilfellunderthedesk,sothatIcouldn’tseeit.
(2)so…that语such...that可以互换。
例如:
在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中,so是副词,与形容词连用。
其结构是:
“...so+形容词(副词)+that+从句”。
例如:
Hewassogladthathecouldn’tsayaword.
Thehallissobigthatitcanhold2,000people.
Motherlivessofarawaythatwehardlyeverseeher.
在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中,such是形容词,它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词,也可以是不可数名词;名词前面可以带形容词,也可不带。
如果是单数可数名词,前面需加不定冠词a或an。
例如:
Itwassuchahotdaythatnobodywantedtodoanything.
Hehadsuchlongarmsthathecouldalmosttouchtheceiling.
Hemadesuchrapidprogressthathedidverywellinthemid-term.
有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。
例如:
Itwassuchawonderfulfilmthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.
=Thefilmwassowonderfulthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.
Itissuchanimportantmatchthatnobodywantstomissit.
=Thematchissoimportantthatnobodywantstomissit.
(3)如果名词前由many,much,little,few等词修饰时,只能用so,不用such。
例如:
Soonthereweresomanydeerthattheyateupallthewildroses.
Hehassolittletimethathecan’tgotothecinemawithyou.
5.比较状语从句
比较状语从句通常由as…as,比较级+than…等连词引导。
例如:
TomrunsfasterthanJohndoes.
Thisclassroomisasbigasthatone.
6.目的状语从句
(1)目的状语从句通常由sothat,inorderthat引导。
例如:
Westartedearlysothatwecouldcatchthefirsttrain.
Hestudieshardsothathecouldworkbetterinthefuture.
Weusedthecomputerinorderthatwemightsavetime.
(2)sothat既可引导目的状语从句,又可引导结果状语从句。
区别这两种从句的办法有两个:
1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can,could,may,might等。
2)从意思上看,目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。
例如:
Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.(目的状语从句)
Jackisbadlyillsothathehastorest. (结果状语从句)
7.让步状语从句
(1)让步状语从句通常由although,though等连词引导。
例如:
Thoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.
AlthoughIamtired,Imustgoonworking.
(2)although(though)不能用在同一个句子中。
例如:
我们不能说:
Thoughitwasraininghard,buthestillwentout.
应该说:
Thoughitwasraininghard,hestillwentout.或Itwasraininghard,buthestillwentout.
8.地点状语从句
地点状语从句常常由where来引导。
例如:
Gowhereyoulike.
Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.
【实例解析】
1.Youwillstayhealthy_______youdomoreexercise,suchasrunningandwalking.
A.if B.how C.before D.where
答案:
A。
该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。
从意思上看,从句应是一个条件状语从句,在这四个选项中只有if能引导条件状语从句,故选A。
2.---Shallwegoonworking?
---Yes,_________Iprefertohavearest.
A.when B.if C.because D.though
答案:
D。
该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。
从意思上看,只有选though才能说得通。
3. Noneofusknewwhathadhappened_________ theytoldusaboutit.
A.when B.until C.after D.though
答案:
B。
该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词选择。
本句的意思是“在……以前我们没人知道这件事。
”要表达着一意思应用“not…until”这一句型。
4. ---Ihopeyou’llenjoyyourtrip,dear!
---Thankyou,mum.I’llgiveyouacall_________Igetthere.
A.until B.assoonas C.since D.till
答案:
B。
该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。
本题的意思是“一到那里,我就给你打电话。
”要表达这个意思应选用assoonas。
【中考演练】
一.单项填空
1._______he’sold,hecanstillcarrythisheavybag.
A.Though B.Since C.For D.So
2.---Doyouknowifhe_______toplaybasketballwithus?
---Ithinkhewillcomeifhe______freetomorrow.
A.comes;is B.comes;willbe C.willcome;is D.willcome;willbe
3.Inthezooifachild__intothewaterandcan’tswim,thedolphinsmaycomeup___him. A.willfall;tohelp B.falls;tohelp
C.willfall;help D.falls;helping
4.Idon’tremember________heworkedinthatcitywhenhewasyoung.
A.what B.which C.where D.who
5.Wewillstayathomeifmyaunt________tovisitustomorrow.
A.comes B.come C.willcome D.iscoming
6.Thepoliceaskedthechildren___crossthestreet__thetrafficlightsturnedgreen.
A.not;before B.don’t;when C.notto;until D.not;after
7.Iwaslateforclassyesterday_______therewassomethingwrongwithmybike.
A.when B.that C.until D.because
8.I’llgoswimmingwithyouifI________freetomorrow.
A.willbe B.shallbe C.am D.was
9.Intheexam,the________youare,______the_______mistakesyouwillmake.
A.careful;little B.morecareful;fewest
C.morecareful;fewer D.morecareful;less
10.Youshouldfinishyourlessons_______yougoouttoplay.
A.before B.after C.when D.while
11.Ihurried_____Iwouldn’tbelateforclass.
A.since B.sothat C.asif D.unless
12.Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark____youhaveanyquestions.
A.which B.that C.where D.though
13.Theteacherraisedhisvoice_______allthestudentscouldhearhim.
A.for B.sothat C.because D.inorder
14.Hetookoffhiscoat_______hefelthot.
A.because B.as C.if D.since
15.Itis______thatwe’dliketogooutforawalk.
A.alovelyday B.toolovelyaday
C.solovelyaday D.suchlovelyaday
16.Maryhad______muchworktodothatshestayedatherofficeallday.
A.such B.so C.too D.very
17._______Ifeltverytired,Itriedtofinishthework.
A.Although B.Because C.As D.Asif
18.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.
A.With B.Since C.While D.As
19.______wellyoucandrive,youmustdrivecarefully.
A.Solongas B.Inorderthat
C.Nomatterhow D.Themoment
20.Writetomeassoonasyou________toBeijing.
A.willget B.get C.getting D.got
二.根据中文意思完成下列英语句子
1.不管他跟我开什么玩笑,我都不生气。
Iamnotangrywithhim,____________________jokeshe______onme.
2.布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切,以至于学生把她当作母亲。
Mrs.Brucewas___kindtoherstudents____they______her_____theirmother.
3.只要我们竭尽全力,父母就会满意我们的表现。
Ourparentswillbepleasedwithourperformance__________wetryourbest.
4.你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗?
Willyoupleasecallme__________________yougettoShanghai.
5.这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴,以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。
Theseven-year-oldgirllikesplayingthepiano__________________shehaskeptpracticingfortwoyears.
6.虽然她很忙,他还坚持自学英语。
___________________________,shekeptonlearningEnglishbyherself.
7.他长大后相当一名记者。
Hewantstobeajournalist___________________________.
8.无论刮风下雨,我们的老师总是第一个到校。
______________windyorrainy,ourteacherisalwaysthefirsttogettoschool.
9.如果人人为保护环境做出贡献,世界将会变得更美好。
______________________________toprotectingtheenvironment,theworldwillbecomemuchmorebeautiful.
10.李明昨天没来上学,因为他病了。
LiMingdidn’tcometoschool__________________________.
【练习答案】
一.1.A2.C3.B4.C5.A6.C7.D8.C9.C10.A11.B12.C13.B14.A15.C16.B17.A18.D19.C20.B二.1.nomatterwhat;plays2.so;that;regarded;as3.aslongas4.aslongas5.somuchthat6.Thoughshewasbusy7.whenhegrowsup8.Whetherit’s 9.Ifeveryonemakesacontribution10.becausehewasill
一、用when,while,assoonas,not…until填空
1.Thecarhittheman_______hewascrossingtheroad.
2.I’lltellyouthegoodnews_______Igetthere.
3.He______gotobed_______11o’clocklastnight.
4.Theaccidenthappened_______Iwasonmywaytowork.
5.Sportsbuildthebody______readingbuildsthemind.
6.Iusedtoberatherquite_______Iwasyoung.
二、用although,though,however填空
1.Theygottotheairportontime______thetrafficwasbad.
2.Wehadawonderful_______thefoodwasterrible.
3.Somepeoplethinkwinterisabadseason._______,formeit’sagoodtimebecauseIlivecold,rainyweather.
三、用because,since,so…that,if填空
1.______we’reyoung,weshouldn’tbetooafraidofmakingmistakes.
2.Theweatherwas______nice______Ispentthewholedayinthepark.
3.Hecouldn’tcometoyourparty______hewasill.
4.______wereyou,Iwouldwearthatearrings.
四、填入适当的引导词
1.Ihaven'theardfromhim_____hewenttoAmerica.
2.Hewon'tbehere_____heisinvited.
3.Hewill