高考英语必修4U1基础考点和拓展练习及答案.docx
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高考英语必修4U1基础考点和拓展练习及答案
2018高考(人教)英语必修4U1基础考点和拓展练习及答案
Ⅰ.高考单词→识记·思考·运用
1.核心词汇
①________vi.谈到;查阅;参考
②________vt.&n.尊敬;尊重
③________vt.递送;接生;发表演说等
④________n.人群;观众vt.挤满;使拥挤
⑤behavevt.&vi.举动;举止或行为表现________n.行为;举止;习性
⑥observevt.观察;观测;遵守________n.观察;观测
⑦arguevt.&vi.讨论;辩论;争论________n.争论;争辩;争吵
⑧supportn.&vt.支持;拥护________n.支持者
⑨intendvt.计划;打算________n.计划;打算
⑩entertainmentn.款待;娱乐________vt.使娱乐
⑪inspirevt.鼓舞;激发;启示________n.鼓舞;灵感
答案 ①refer ②respect ③deliver④crowd ⑤behaviour ⑥observation ⑦argument ⑧supporter ⑨intention ⑩entertain ⑪inspiration
2.常考词汇
①shaden.________________vt.________________
②campaignn.________________vi.________________
③projectn.________________
④emergencyn.________________
⑤childhoodn.________________
⑥modestadj.________________
⑦specialistn.________________specialadj.________________
speciallyadv.________________
⑧connectionn.________________connectvt.________________
⑨organizationn.________________organizevt.________________
⑩considerateadj.________________considerationn._______________
答案 ①荫;阴凉处 遮住光线 ②运动;战役 作战;参加运动
③项目;工程;规划 ④突发事件;紧急情况 ⑤童年;幼年时代 ⑥谦虚的;谦让的;适度的 ⑦专家;专业工作者 特殊的 专门地;特别地
⑧连接;关系 连接 ⑨组织;机构;团体 组织 ⑩考虑周到的 考虑;体谅,用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Itallbeginshere,bysigninguptojoinan________(organize).(2016·浙江,六选五)
2.Cathysufferedsometerribleillnessinherearly________(child).(2016·天津,完形)
3.Childrenmaylearntherulesoflanguageby________(observe)theirparents'behaviors.(2016·浙江,阅读C)
4.Everydayinourwork,we________(inspire)bythepeoplewemeetdoingextraordinarythingstoimprovetheworld.(2016·四川,阅读B)
5.Beginmakingthevaluable________(connect)thatarenecessarytohelpduringtherestofyourcollegecareer.(2016·浙江,六选五)
6.Thejourney________(intend)toachievemorethanwhatCaptainRobertFalconScotthaddone.(2016·全国Ⅱ,阅读D)
7.Butdaydreamersarealsoresponsibleforsomeofthegreatestideasand________(achieve)inhumanhistory.(2015·北京,七选五)
8.Happyandcalmisthemanwhotakesallthesepossibilitiesinto________(consider).(2015·陕西,六选五)
9.Therewasaheated________(argue)aboutwhetherhewassuitablefortheposition,andmostofthepeople________(argue)forhim.
10.Thechild________(behave)sowellinclassthattheteacherpraisedhisgood________(behave)infrontofothers.
答案 1.organization 2.childhood 3.observing 4.areinspired5.connections 6.wasintended7.achievements 8.consideration9.argument;argued 10.behaved;behaviour
【联想·积累】
❶“鼓舞,激励”家族
①inspirevt.鼓舞;激发
②encouragevt.鼓励,激励
③motivatevt.激发,激励
④promptvt.鼓励,促使
⑤spiritup鼓励,激励
❷后缀-ment构成的抽象名词一览
①achievement成就;功绩
②adjustment调整
③advertisement广告
④agreement协议
⑤amusement娱乐,消遣
⑥announcement宣布
⑦appointment约定
⑧argument争论
⑨arrangement安排
⑩astonishment惊讶
⑪punishment惩罚
⑫amazement惊异,惊愕
❸后缀-hood构成的名词荟萃
①adulthood成年
②childhood童年
③boyhood少年时代
④brotherhood手足之情
⑤manhood男子气概
⑥parenthood父母身份;亲子关系
⑦neighborhood邻里;社区;街坊
Ⅱ.重点短语→识记·思考·运用
1.动词+介词/副词
①move________离开;起程;出发
②crowd________(想法、问题等)涌上心头;涌入脑海
③refer________查阅;参考;谈到
④come________(偶然)遇见;碰见
⑤carry________继续;坚持
⑥care________照顾,照看;喜爱
答案 ①off ②in ③to ④across⑤on ⑥for
2.其他形式
①________chance碰巧;凑巧
②leada...________过着……的生活
③be________for打算给……用
④look________upon/on蔑视;瞧不起
答案 ①by ②life ③intended ④down
用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空
1.Whenwalkingdownthestreet,I____________David,whomIhadn'tseenforyears.(2016·天津,3)
2.Shehasamentaltoughnessthatdidnotcomeabout____________.(2016·江苏,阅读D)
3.I'malwaystoobusyto__________aconversationwithher.(2016·天津,14)
4.Seeingthatwehadnoticedhim,thelittleboy____________slowly.
5.Duringthattime,mostofthepeopleinthatcountry____________freedom.
答案 1.cameacross 2.bychance 3.carryon 4.movedoff 5.foughtfor
【联想·积累】
“动词+on”必备短语一览
①carryon继续,坚持
②keepon继续前进/工作
③liveon继续存在,靠……为生
④goon前进,继续
⑤moveon继续前进
⑥insiston坚持
⑦passon传递
⑧geton上车
⑨handon传送
⑩relyon依靠,依赖
⑪decideon决定,选定
⑫dependon依靠,依赖
Ⅲ.经典句式→识记·思考·运用
原句背诵感悟
1.Thisisbecauseweareallinterestedinwhatpeopledoandwhattheythink.这是因为我们都对人们所做和所想的感兴趣。
2.Thismeansgoingbacktotheplacewhereweleftthefamilysleepinginatreethenightbefore.这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开时黑猩猩一家睡觉的大树旁。
3.WhynotstudyatmedicalcollegelikeLinQiaozhiandcarryonhergoodwork?
为什么不像林巧稚那样去读医学院,继续她高尚的事业呢?
句型公式仿写
1.this/thatis/wasbecause...这/那是因为……
Tomcamelateforthemeeting.________________(那是因为他病了).
2.meandoing...意味着……
①Missingthetrainmeans________________(要等上一个小时).
②I________________(一直打算问问)youifyouwanttocomeforamealnextweek.
3.whynotdo...为什么不……
You'relookingtired.________________(为什么不度假呢)?
答案 1.Thatwasbecausehewasill2.①waitingforanhour ②havebeenmeaningtoask 3.Whynottakeaholiday
【联想·积累】
◆mean用法面面观
meandoing...意味着……;意思是……
meantodo...打算做……
meanttohavedone...=hadmeanttodo...本打算做……
meansbfor/tobe...想要某人成为……;想要某人去做……
bemeantfor为……而准备的
bemeanttobe...注定成为……
高考链接
(2016·安徽省安庆市高三下学期第二次模拟考试)Everyoneneedstoknowhowtopreventafire.Itisalsoimportanttoknowwhattodowhenit__1__(break)out.
Everyyear,over11,000people__2__(kill)orinjuredinhousefires.Thesefirescouldhavebeenavoided.Smokerswhoare__3__(care)causeabout200deathsandover6,000fires.Morethanofthose__4__dieinfiresarepoisonedorharmedbysmoke.
Iffirehappens,donotattempttofightthefireunlessitissmall.Tryputtingoutasmallfirewithwater.If__5__firehasspreadoriftheflamesaremorethan20incheshigh,shutthedooronit.Warneveryoneelseinthebuildingandtellthemtogetout.Youshouldleaveanddial911forthefiredepartment.
Before__6__(go)intoaroom,checkthedoor.Ifthehandleorthedoorishot,donotopenit!
Instead,putclothingorawettowelatthebottomofittokeepsmokeout.Ifthedoorisnothot,openit__7__(slow).Ifthereisarushofsmokeheat,closeitagainandshouttowarn__8__(other)inside.
Nowopenthewindowandshout“Fire!
”.Seewhetheryoucandropsafelytotheground.Usethis__9__yourescapecourseifyoucan.Ifyouarenotongroundlevel,breakyourfallbypushingamatoutfirst.Loweryourselfatarm’s__10__(long)beforedropping.Onceoutside,stayoutoutsideandmakesurethefiredepartmentiscalled.
【语篇导读】 本文主要讲了发生火灾时应注意的事项以及如何在火灾中逃生。
1.breaks [考查时态。
有主句时态可知此处应用一般现在时,在it后面,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
breakout为不及物动词短语,不用被动语态。
]
2.arekilled [考查被动语态。
根据句意,每年有11000个人在着火的房子中伤亡,所以填kill的被动形式,因为是陈述事实,所以be动词用现在时。
]
3.careless [考查形容词。
根据句意,吸烟者引发死伤和火灾,所以是粗心大意的吸烟者。
]
4.who [考查定语从句。
由句子结构可知此处应填定语从句的引导词,先行词是人并在定语从句中作主语,所以用who。
]
5.the [考查冠词。
前文中提到了fire,所以在此处提到上文提到过的事物时,要用定冠词the,表示特指。
]
6.going [考查动名词。
此处的before是介词,介词后面的名词要用动名词形式。
]
7.slowly [考查副词。
open此处为动词,所以用副词形式slowly。
]
8.others [考查代词。
others:
“其他人”,此处做warn的宾语,other为形容词,后必有名词。
]
9.as [考查语境和介词。
考查语境和介词。
根据句意,在逃跑的过程中使用这个技能,此处as作为介词,有“作为”的意思。
]
10.length [考查名词。
空前的arm’s是物主代词,后面应该接名词,long的名词形式是length(长度)。
]
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项中(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
(2015·南昌市十所省重点中学二模)
Belowarethebestfourapplicationstohelpyouorganizeyourcloset(橱柜)—andtrustus,therereallyissomethingforeveryone.
Closet
Ifyou'relookingtocreateyourowndigitalcloset,thenthisappisforyou.Closethelpsyoucategorizeyouroutfitsandkeepsyouuptodateonwhatyou'vealreadyworn.
PROS:
Verysimpleanduserfriendly.Greatforhelpingyoulookatyourownclosetwithoutfeelingoverwhelmed.
CONS:
Nosocialinteractions.Thisappisstrictlyforhavingamobileversionofyourcloset.
Pose
Theappmakesthingsinsanelyeasyfortheindecisiveshopper.Soifyou'redebatingwhetherornottobuysomething,youcangetasecondopinion.Theappalsogathersphotosofitemsthatyouwishtobuyanditemsyoualreadyown,sotheyareallinonespot.
PROS:
Whenyousignup,youfilloutashortsurveythathelpsidentifyyourpersonalstyleandsubsequentlyfindspeoplewithsimilartastethatyoucanfollowforinspiration.
CONS:
Thephoneapplicationismorevisuallyappealingthantheactualwebsite.
Stylitics
Itallowsyoutocategorizeyourclothesbycolor,brand,patternandmore.Andifyou'rewonderingwhetheryouhavealreadywornanoutfit,simplycheckyourstylecalendar.
PROS:
Theappcomeswitha“TodayinFashionHistory”tipsoyoucanbrushuponyourstyleknowledge.
CONS:
Youcan'tviewyourstyleprofileusingtheappyetunlessyoulogontothesite.
WalkinMyCloset
Ifyou'rebrowsingtheInternet,lookingforsomethingtobuy,youcaninstantlyaddtheitemtoyourvirtualclosetsothatyourwishlistitemsareallinoneplace.Besidessharingyourclosetwithotherusers,youcanalsosellitemsyounolongerwant.
PROS:
The“Moodboard”isagreatwaytogatherinspiringlooksthatyoulikefromotherusersandfashionexperts.
CONS:
Theluggagefeature,whichallowsyoutoprepareoutfitsforanupcomingtrip,isonlyavailableonthesite;itwouldbeusefulifitwereontheapp.
文章大意:
本文讲述四个流行的应用程序来帮你组织你的橱柜。
1.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword?
A.Instantly.B.Accurately.
C.Deliberately.D.Incredibly.
答案:
D 词义猜测题。
根据Pose中提到Soifyou'redebatingwhetherornottobuysomething,youcangetasecondopinion.Theappalsogathersphotosofitemsthatyouwishtobuyanditemsyoualreadyown,sotheyareallinonespot.如果你不知道是否要买,这个app可能收集你想要买的东西的照片,即时的浏览,故app让没有主见的消费者购物变得非常的简单,故选D项。
2.Whichofthefollowingisdesignedforpeoplewhooftenhesitatewhenbuyingclothes?
A.Closet.B.Pose.
C.Stylitics.D.WalkinMyCloset.
答案:
B 推理判断题。
根据Pose提到的Theappmakesthingsinsanelyeasyfortheindecisiveshopper可知app让那些优柔寡断的消费者买东西变得更加简单,故选B项。
3.WhatcanwelearnaboutWalkinMyClosetfromthepassage?
A.Itisasimpleanduserfriendlyapp.
B.Ithelpsyouconfirmyourpersonalstyle.
C.Itcombinesbothshoppingandorganizingyourcloset.
D.Itrequiresyoutologonthesi