名词性从句用法讲解与专项练习题及答案.docx
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名词性从句用法讲解与专项练习题及答案
名词性从句用法讲解与专项练习题及答案
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
高考常从连接词的选择、语序、语气、时态等方面来考查。
名词性从句中的连接词有连词that/whether/asif,连接代词what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever,连接副词where/when/why/how/wherever/whenever。
第1讲引导名词性从句的连接词
考点1.引导名词性从句的连接词有哪些
有学生认为,引导同位语从句只能用that,这句话对吗?
先看下面几个句子。
①Ihavenoquestionthathewillcome.
②Ihaveaquestionwhetherhewillcome
③Ihaveaquestionwhenhewillcome.
我们可以看出:
上面三个句子中question后面都是同位语从句,都是说明question的内容的。
在句①中,同位语从句的原句是陈述句,由that引导;
在句②中,原句是一般疑问句,由whether引导;
在句③中,同位语从句的原句是特殊疑问句,特殊疑问词也起着连接作用。
其实,所有名词性从句的连接词都有上面的三种情况。
宾语从句:
Idon’tknowthathewillcome.
Idon’tknowwhether/ifhewillcome.
Idon’tknowwhenhewillcome.
表语从句:
WhatIdon’tknowisthathewillcome.
WhatIdon’tknowiswhetherhewillcome.
WhatIdon’tknowiswhenhewillcome.
主语从句
Thathewillcomeisobvious.
Whetherhewillcomeisn’tknownyet.
Whenhewillcomeisn’tknownyet.
1.【2010浙江】Itisuncertain______sideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout,althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.
A.thatB.whatC.howD.whether
2.【2012全国新课标】Itisbynomeansclear______thepresidentcandotoendthestrike.
A.howB.whichC.thatD.what
3.【2012山东】Itdoesn’tmatter______youpaybycashorcreditcardinthisstore.
A.howB.whetherC.whatD.why
4.【2013陕西】Itremainstobeseen______thenewlyformedcommittee’spolicycanbeputintopractice.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether
5.【2009天津】Itisobvioustothestudents______theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.
A.asB.whichC.whetherD.that
6.【2012江西】Itsuddenlyoccurredtohim______hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.
A.whetherB.whereC.whichD.that
考点2.引导词that的省略问题
主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中连词that不能省略。
ThattheyaregoodatEnglishisknowntousall.
Theproblemisthatwedon’thaveenoughmoney.
SheexpressedherhopethattheywouldcometoChinaoneday.
只有宾语从句中的连接词that可省略,但在以下几种情况中that也不能省略:
A.当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时,that不可省略。
Hejudgedthat,becausehewasachild,hedidnotunderstand.
B.当两个名词性从句并列作宾语时,后面的that不能省。
Everyoneknewwhathappenedandthatshewasworried.
C.当that作介词宾语时,that不可省掉。
Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.
7.______weneedmorepracticeisquiteclear.
A.WhenB.WhatC.ThatD./
8.______fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.
A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.Which
9.【2010上海】Onereasonforherpreferenceforcitylifeis______shecanhaveeasyaccesstoplaceslikeshopsandrestaurants.
A.thatB.howC.whatD.why
10.ThereasonwhyIdidn’tgotoShanghaiwas______anewjob.
A.becauseIgotB.becauseofgetting
C.IgotD.thatIgot
11.【2011全国I】Thenextthinghesawwassmoke______frombehindthehouse.
A.roseB.risingC.toriseD.risen
12.Havingcheckedthedoorswereclosed,and______allthelightswereoff,theboyopenedthedoortohisbedroom.
A.whyB.thatC.whenD.where
13.Iknownothingabouttheyounglady—______sheisfromBeijing.
A.exceptB.exceptforC.exceptthatD.besides
14.Humanbeingsaredifferentfromanimals___theycanuselanguageasatooltocommunicate.
A.forthatB.inthatC.inwhichD.forwhich
(如果不理解本题,可以参看P.151考点5)
考点3.whether与if引导名词性从句时的区别
A.在主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中只能用whether,不能用if。
Whetherthemeetingwillbeputoffhasnotbeendecidedyet.
Thequestioniswhethertheyhavesomuchmoney.
Weoughttodiscusscarefullythequestionwhetherwecandoitornot.
B.在宾语从句中whether和if可以互换,但:
i.作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。
如:
Italldependsonwhethertheywillcomeback.
ii.后面直接跟ornot时用whether。
如:
Ididn’tknowwhetherornothehadarrivedinWuhan.
C.whether也可与动词不定式连用,但if不能。
Ihavenotdecidedwhethertogoornot.
D.whether常与or连用表示一种选择,if不能这样用:
Thequestionofwhethertheyaremaleorfemaleisnotimportant.
E.whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示“不管”、“无论”,而if不能。
如:
Whetherhecomesornot,wewillbeginourpartyontime.
F.discuss后通常用whether。
15.______youcansucceedintheendwillmainlydependon______youdoand______youdoit.
A.If;what;whyB.Whether;what;how
C.Whether;how;whyD.That;whether;how
16.【2009上海】Itisnotimmediatelyclear______thefinancialcrisiswillsoonbeover.
A.sinceB.whatC.whenD.whether
17.Theydiscussed______theycouldsettletheproblemwithoutothers’help.
A.ifB.thatC.whatD.whether
18.Whatthedoctorisuncertainaboutis______mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.
A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why
19.Mr.Hopkinshasnotyetansweredmyquestion______Icangowithhimto______hecallstheUndergroundTreasureHousenextweek.
A.that;whichB.that;where
C.whether;thatD.whether;what
20.Ihavenoidea______ornothehasfinishedthework.
A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.which
考点4.question与doubt后跟同位语从句时的连接词问题
doubt,question用于肯定结构时,后面用whether引导名词性从句;用于否定结构或疑问结构时,后面用that引导名词性从句。
besure用于肯定句或疑问句时,后接that引导的名词性从句;用于否定句时,后接whether/if引导的名词性从句。
21.Ihavenoquestion______hewillsucceed.
A.whetherB.thatC.whenD.how
22.ThenIhadaquestion______aspore(孢子)couldquicklygetaroundandformmould(霉菌).
A.whyB.thatC.thathowD.if
23.Thequestioncameupatthemeeting______wehadenoughmoneyforourresearch.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whether
24.Idon’tdoubt______he’llcome.
A.thatB.ifC.whatD.whether
25.Afterthreedays’waiting,therewasalittledoubtinthemother’smind______thepolicecouldfindherlostchild.
A.howB.thatC.whereD.whether
考点5.名词性从句是复合句时,不要忘了带that(双连接词)
改错:
①Thequestionwasthatwhetherhecouldgetajobatthecenter.
②Youhavenoideathathowbusywewerethosedays.
③Itiswellknownwhatapersoneatscauseschangesinthebody.
答案及解析:
①去掉that,。
后面whether本身就起着连接作用。
②去掉that。
who,how,when,what等本身就有两个作用:
作从句的成分;起连接作用。
③在what前面加that。
what只是把主语从句的两个分句连接起来,但其作为一个整体来作主语从句时还需要用that引导。
26.Fathermadeapromise______Ipassedtheexamhewouldbuymeabike.
A.thatB.thatifC.ifD.whether
27.Itwastrue______shediddelightedeveryoneofus.
A.thatB.whatC.thatwhatD.thatwhich
28.Somelanguageexpertsthink______welearnlanguageinthesameway______welearnotherthings,and______we’rebornwithisageneralabilitytolearnandadapt.
A./;/;thatwhatB.that;which;what
C./;that;whatthatD.that;inwhich;that
29.Sheoftenthinksof______shecandomoreforhermotherland.
A.whatB.howC.thatD.thathow
30.AtthattimeIhadnoidea______Icouldhandittohimwithoutbeingseen.
A.ifB.howC.whichD.thathow
I.单句改错
1.【2005重庆】Onemaynotagreetotheexaminationsystem,butatpresentitisbasicallytheonlymeasurethattheteacherandtherestoftheworldcandependontodecideifornoteachofusmeetstherequirement.
2.Ifyoucomeornotisuptoyou.
3.Ihavenoideaifhewillcometomorrow.
4.Mysuggestioniswegobybusinsteadofbytrain.
5.Athletesareawardedsomemoneyisreasonable.
6.EveryoneknowsthefactTaiwanbelongstoChina.
7.Hetoldmehehadgotusedtothelifethereandhewasmakingprogress.
8.Thatwhyhewaslateforschoolwasthathismotherwasill.
II.语法填空(每空至多填三词)
9.It’suncertain______hewilldotomorrow.
10.______isreportedinthenewspaperthattalksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.
11.______talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogressisreportedinthenewspaper.
12.____isreportedinthenewspaperisthattalksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.
13._____isreportedinthenewspaper,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.
14.Thereisnodoubt______myfriendwasnotimportanttothemall.
III.写作技能提升
15.【2006上海】一本书是否畅销取决于诸多因素。
(Whether...)
16.他的成功是因为他为比赛作了充分的准备。
(hissuccess,lieinthefact,bewellprepared)
17.他近来没有尽最大努力,我们都很清楚。
(doone’sbest,recently,beobviousto)
18.我反对这个工程的原因是,它花费太多的钱,而这些钱应当用来提高当地人们的生活水平。
(thereasonwhy…isthat,toimprovethelivesofthelocalpeople)
19.使我们这个学校特别的是,她的大多数毕业生都被名校录取。
(make…special,graduate,beadmittedto,famouscolleges)
20.在我看来,这个公寓很完美,除去窗户稍微有点小外。
(personally,perfect,exceptthat)
21.从你们发布在网站的广告我知道,你们学校发展很快,你们想要聘用能说一口流利英语的人。
(advertisement/ad,post,website,develop,rapidly,employ,fluently)
22.【2011湖北】他突然想到,第二天上午他有重要的会议要参加。
(occurto,conference)
23.【2014上海】将来过怎样的生活取决于你自己。
(upto)
24.毫无疑问,玩电脑游戏过多对他们的健康有害,对他们的学习有负面影响。
(thereisnodoubt,beharmfulto,haveanegativeeffecton)
25.我相信有志者事竟成,成功属于做出不断努力的人。
第2讲同位语从句与定语从句的区别(参看P.137第8讲)
第3讲what,when,where,how,why等引导的名词性从句
考点1.what引导的名词性从句
that和what的区别:
that引导名词性从句时,在主从句中不充当任何句子成分,也没有任何含义;而what引导名词性从句时,在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分,what可以分解成定语从句中的“先行词+关系代词”即常说的“先行词+that”。
what从句,在功能上相当于一个名词,常译作“……的事/话/地方/时间/……”,可以作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
1.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin______wasawastelandtenyearsago.
A.thatB.whereC.whatD.which
2.Whatadifferentmanheis______hewasfouryearsago.
A.fromwhatB.withwhatC.fromwhomD.bywhom
3.【2014江苏】—Whatamess!
Youarealwayssolazy!
—I’mnottoblame,mum.Iam______youhavemademe.
A.howB.whatC.thatD.who
4.Thecityisnolonger______.
A.whatitisB.thatitusedtobe
C.whichitwasD.whatitusedtobe
5.Ourschoolisnolonger______itwas10yearsago,______itwasnotwellequipped.
A.what;whichB.that;which
C.what;whenD.that;where
6.After______seemedlikehours,hecameoutwithabittersmile.
A.whichB.itC.whatD.that
7.Theteacherreturnedafter______seemedtobealongtime.
A.itB.thatC.whatD.when
8.Iwasclosetobeingkilledtheotherday.Acarpassedmeat______Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.
A.asB.whichC.wh