初三英语宾语从句详细讲解及专项练习并带答案.docx
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初三英语宾语从句详细讲解及专项练习并带答案
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解,专项练习及答案
一、宾语从句的转化
1.2.当主句谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,forget,plan,agree等,且主句主语与从句主语相同时,从句可简化为不定式结构。
如:
Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.
→Sheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.
2.当主句的谓语动词是know,learn,forget,remember,decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时,主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词+不定式结构”。
例如:
Idon'tknowwhichsweaterIshouldbuy.→Idon'tknowwhichsweatertobuy.
3.当主句的谓语动词是ask,tell,show,teach等后面带双宾语时,从句的主语和间接宾语一致,且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时,从句可以转化成“疑问词+不定式结构”,或者在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中,当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时,宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词+不定式”结构。
如:
→Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepark?
4.当主句谓语动词是find,see,watch,hear等感官动词时,从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构,宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。
如:
Shefoundthatthewalletlay/waslyingontheground.
→Shefoundthewalletlie/lyingontheground.
二、基本内容讲解
1概念:
在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句,宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语,也可做介词的宾语。
eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(动词宾语)
HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.(动词宾语)
MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介词宾语)
2.连接词
(1).陈述句转化成宾语从句时,引导词用that,口语中常常省略。
e.g,Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.
(2)以whether或if引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句,从句同样是陈述语序
eg,Iwonderif/whetheruhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.注意:
一般情况下,whether和if可以互用,但有些情况例外。
a.当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether不用if
eg,Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepinic.
b.引导词与动词不定式或not连用时,只用whether.
eg,Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.
Couldyoutellmewhetherugoornot?
c.if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句,这时不能用whether.
(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时,引导词用特殊疑问词;引导词后要用陈述句语序。
E.g.Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematter\wrongwithyou?
特殊情况:
:
当doyouthink后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时,句式结构应为引导词+doyouthink+陈述句语序。
3.宾语从句时态
a.当主句是一般现在时,一般将来时或祈使句时,从句不受主句的限制,根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。
例如:
Doyouknow(if/whetherhehasseenthefilm)?
b.当主句是一般过去时,从句要用过去时的相应时态。
例如:
Ididn'tknow(if/whetherhehadseenthefilm.)
注意:
当主句是一般过去时,而从句表示的是客观真理,自然现象,科学原理,格言等,从句仍然要用一般现在时。
例如:
Hesaid(thattheearthmovesroundthesun.)
Theteachertoldus(thatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.)
4.、人称的变化和标点的使用a.从句的主语如果是第一人称,变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致;如果是第二人称,则
与主句的宾语一致;如果是第三人称,不用变化。
如:
“MayIuseyourknife?
”Heaskedme.
→Heaskedmeifhemightusemyknife.
“Doyouknowhertelephonenumber?
”Heaskedme.
→HeaskedmeifIknowhertelephonenumber.
b.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。
主句是陈述句,用句号;主句是疑问句,用问号。
如:
Whowillgiveusatalk?
Idon'tknow.→Idon'tknowwhowillgiveusatalk.
Doyouknow?
Wheredoeshelive?
→Doyouknowwherehelives?
注意!
宾语从句小口诀:
宾语从句三注意,时态语序引导词;
主句一般现在时,从句不需受限制;
主句一般过去时,从句须用相应时;
陈述句转化that引,一般疑问句用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词,引导词后陈述式。
宾语从句专项习题
巩固练习
1.HaveyoudecidedforAustralia?
A.whenwillyouleaveB.whendoyouleave
C.youwillleavewhenD.whenyouwillleave
2.Canyoutellme?
A.wheredoesTomliveB.whereTomlivedC.TomliveswhereD.whereTomlives
3.Theoldmanaskedme.
A.wherewasthecinemaB.whereisthecinema
C.wherethecinemawasD.wherewasthewaytothecinema
4.Ithinkyouwilllikehim.A.thatB.ifC.whyD.how
5.Ididn'tknowhewillcomeornot.A.thatB.whetherC.weatherD.how
6.Iwonder.
A.howmuchcosttheseshoesB.howmuchdotheseshoescost
C.howmuchtheseshoescostD.howmucharetheseshoescost
7.Sheaskedme.A.whohewasB.whowasheC.whoisheD.whoheis
8.Askhim___.
A.whosecupthisisB.whosecupisthisC.thisiswhosecupD.whoseisthiscup
9.Idon'tknow.
A.whattimethemoviestartsB.whattimestartsthemovie
C.thetimetostartthemovieD.themoviewhattimestarts
10.Thedoctoraskedmehowlong.
A.wasIillB.haveIbeenillC.IhavebeenillD.Ihadbeenill
11.Theweatherforecastdoesn'tsay
B.ifdoesitraintomorrowD.ifwillitraintomorrow
A.ifitrainstomorrow
C.ifitwillraintomorrow
12.Doyouknow___A.whosepenisthisC.whomdoesthepenbelongto
13.Couldyoutellmewhere
A.thetapewasB.wasthetape
14.Theywanttoknow?
A.whereisthehospitalB.howoldareyou
C.whenthetrainwillleaveD.whyistheboycrying
15.Tonywantedtoknow.
A.whathadFatherChristmasputinhisstocking
B.whenFatherChristmashadputinhisstocking
C.whatFatherChristmashadputinhisstocking
D.whereFatherChristmashadputinhisstocking
16.Nooneknows___theprofessorwillcometoourschooltomorrowtogiveusatalkornot.
A.whenB.whetherC.whereD.if
17.Julydidn'tknow.
A.whereisTim'sfatherB.whenwasthefirstwatchmade
C.whotheoldmanisD.whatwaswrongwithherwatch
18.Noonetoldus,soweneedyourhelp.
A.howshouldwedoB.whatweshoulddoC.whattodoD.whatshouldwedo
19.Wedon'tknowwiththerubbishanditpollutesoutlandandsea.
A.howdoitB.howtodoC.whatdoitD.whattodo
20.Heaskedme.
A.whetherIfindoutthesenderofthemoney
B.whetherdidIfindoutthesenderofthemoney
C.whetherthesenderofthemoneyfoundout
D.whetherIfoundoutthesenderofthemoney