中考英语真题 分类 专题163 阅读理解说明文第01期原卷版.docx

中考英语真题 分类 专题163 阅读理解说明文第01期原卷版.docx

《中考英语真题 分类 专题163 阅读理解说明文第01期原卷版.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《中考英语真题 分类 专题163 阅读理解说明文第01期原卷版.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

中考英语真题分类专题163阅读理解说明文第01期原卷版

2019年中考真题英语分项汇编

（一）【2019•重庆市中考】

CinyeeChiu,anartistfromTaiwan,isalwayshappytotrysomethingnew.Heramazingworkswonlotsofprizes.Amongthem,＂24SolarTerms（节气）＂isthemostpopular.

AncientChinesedividedayearinto24partsaccordingtothechangesoftheweather.It’sthe24solarterms.Butnoteveryoneknowsthemwell.CinyeeChiuputthe24solarternsinpicturestohelppeopleunderstandthembetter.

Cinyeeturnedeachsolartermintoananimal.Buttheseanimalsarenotjustanimals.Youcanalsofindseasonalfruits,vegetablesorbeautifulflowersonthem.

Whenspringcomes,watergetswarmandfishstarttoswimaround.SoCinyeechosefishasasymbolofStartofSpring.Also,shedrewspringvegetables,Chinesechivesonthebackofthefish.

WhiteDewfallsonaboutSept.8.Itshowsthebeginningofthecoolautumn.Therearecolorfulleavesandcoolernightsatthistimeofyear.Asthetemperaturefalls,whitedew（露珠）isoftenseenonthegrassandtreesatnight.ForWhiteDew,Cinyeechosearaccoon—asmallanimalwiththickhair.Shedrewwhitespots（小圆点）ontheraccoontoshowdew.Andsheusedthedragonfruittoshowtherichcolorsinautumn.

TheyoungartistreallygavetheancientChinesecultureanewlook.

1.Thewritergave___________examplestoshowCinyee’s＂24SolarTerms＂.

A.twoB.threeC.fourD.five

2.FromParagraph5,weknowthat___________.

A.araccoonlikesfish

B.StartofSpringfallsonaboutDec.8

C.WhiteDewshowstheendoftheautumn

D.Cinyeeusedwhitespotstoshowdew

3.Accordingtothepassage,Picture___________can’tbefromCinyee’s＂24SolarTerms＂.

A.

B.

C.

D.

4.Thewritermainlywantstotalkabout___________.

A.whyCinyeemadeherselfknown

B.whodividedayearinto24parts

C.howCinyeeshowedthe24solarterms

D.whatStartofSpringandWhiteDewmean

（二）【2019•浙江省温州市】

Manyobjectsintheuniverseareinvisible,buttheysendradiowaves.Theradiotelescopethusappeared,anditisconsideredoneofthegreatestinventionsinthetwentiethcentury.Reberbuilttheworld’sfirstradiotelescopein1937.RyleandHewishdevelopedradiotelescopesystemsforthelocationofweakradiosources,andtheysharedtheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1974.

Aradiotelescopeisusuallymadeupof:

Oneormoreantennastocollecttheradiowaves.Mostantennasaremadeintheshapeofadishtocollectandreflect,theradiowavestothesub-reflector,inthesamewayasacurvedmirrorfocusesvisiblelighttoonepoint.

Areceiverandamplifiertoreceivetheradiowavesfromthesub-reflector,andmaketheseweakradiowavesstrongenoughtoberecordedandturnedintoelectronicsignals.Tomakeanamplifiersensitiveenough,itisusuallycooledto,verylowtemperatures（e.g.aslowas-270℃）.

Arecordertokeeparecordoftheelectronicsignals.Most:

radiotelescopestodaykeepthesignalstothecomputer’smemorydiskforastronomerstoanalyzelater.

Radiowavelengthsaremuchlongerthanthoseofvisiblelight,andtheradiowavesfromdeepspacearealwaysweak.TocatchRadiowavelengthsaremuchlongerthanthoseofvisiblelight,andtheradiowavesfromdeepspacearealwaysweak.Tocatchthesewaves,radiotelescopesusuallyhavehugeantennas.Thesizesofmostantennasinusetodayarearound50to300metresindiameter.TheantennaofFASTinGuizhou,China,thelatestandlargestradiotelescopeintheworld,is500metresindiameter,aslargeasthesizeof30footballfields.

Toavoidinterferences,andkeepthetelescopessensitive,radiotelescopesarebuiltinplaceswheretherearenohumanradiowavesorelectronicsignals.Forexample,FASTis5kilometresawayfromtheclosestvillageand25kilometresawayfromthenearesttown.

Radiotelescopescreatepicturesofthesky,notinvisiblelight,butinradiowaves.Thisisextremelyuseful,becausethereareobjectsthatcan’tbeseen,objectsthatwewouldn’tevenknowwithoutradiotelescopes.

5.Radiotelescopeshelpcollect___________fromtheuniverse

A.lightB.objectsC.radiowavesD.visiblesignals

6.Mostantennasofradiotelescopesaremadeintheshapeofadishto___________.

A.maketheantennasstrongenoughB.increasethenumberofradiowaves

C.turnradiowavesintoelectronicsignalsD.focusradiowavesonthesub-reflector

7.Theunderlinedword"interferences"inthepassagerefersto___________.

A.thenoisesmadebyvillagersandanimals

B.thesoundsfromtheradiosandtelevisions

C.thepeoplewhogotoGuizhoutowatchFASTwork

D.theradiowavesandelectronicsignalsfromhumans

8.Whathavewedonewiththehelpofradiotelescopes?

A.Wehavereceivedpicturesofdeepspace.

B.Wehavediscoveredunknownlivesintheuniverse.

C.Wehavefoundsomeunknownobjectsintheuniverse.

D.Wehaveturnedtheradiowavesfromspaceintolight.

（三）【2019•浙江省衢州市】

Theworldhasaplasticsproblem.Andnotjustwithbottles.Straws（吸管）,toothbrushes,toys—allkindsofplasticsareplacedinlandfills.Thereare5billiontonsofplasticwasteintheworld.Landfillshavealargepartofit.By2050,theycouldhave13billiontons.

Muchofplasticrubbishfindsitswayintotheocean.Scientistssay165milliontonsofplasticpiecesarefloatingaroundoutthere.Andmostplasticwon’tdisappearitself.Itwillremainintheoceanforever.Whalesgetcaughtinplasticfishingnets.Birdsdiebecauseofeatingplasticstrawsandbottlecaps.Itendangersoceanlife.Plasticrubbishevenendsupinthefoodweeat.

Governmentsarerealizingthatrecyclingmaynotbeenough.Theyaretakingmoreactions.Thoughitishardwork,itisstillasolvableproblem.InBritain,peoplearenotallowedtouseplasticbagsexceptinhospitals.ScotlandandseveralcoastalcitiesintheUSstoppeoplefromusingplasticstrawsaswell.TheUSalonethrowsawaysome500millionplasticstrawsaday.That’senoughtocircletheEarthtwice.＂Sayingnotoaplasticstrawisaneasywaytomakeabigdifference,＂DanaLofflinwhostartedwww.strawfree.orgsaid.＂Dowereallywanttopassontoourchildrenaworldharmedbyplastic?

＂

Peoplehavefoundsometastywaystoreducewaste.AcompanyinIndiamadethefirst-everspoonthatpeoplecaneat.Youdon’thavetoeatthespoon.Youcanthrowitaway.Itdecomposes（分解）injustafewdays.DavidEdwards,ascientistatHarvardUniversity,designedaneatablebagwhichcanprotectthefoodordrinkinside.Itisadeliciousreplacementforplasticones.

9.Accordingtothewrite,birdsdiebecausethey___________.

A.eatbottlecapsandstrawsB.getcaughtinfishingnets

C.feedonoceananimalsD.havethespoonsinIndia

10.Theunderlinedword"endangers"inParagraph2probablymeans___________.

A.bringsB.losesC.harmsD.saves

11.Thepurposeofthepassageismainlyto___________.

A.introducesomewaystorecyclewaste

B.tellreadersabouttheproblemwithplastics

C.compareairpollutionandplasticpollution

D.describehowtheUSisreducingplasticwaste

12.Fromthepassage,wecantellthattheplasticsproblem___________.

A.istoobigforpeopletosolveB.canbesolvedbyrecyclingalone

C.canbesolved,butitwon’tbeeasyD.willhavetobesolvedbyfuturescientists

（四）【2019•四川省广安市】

Artificialintelligence（AI）（人工智能）istheabilityofacomputerprogramoramachine.ThecomputerorthemachinewithAIcanthinkandlearn.Itisalsoafieldofstudythattriestomakecomputers"smart".JohnMcCarthy,ascientist,cameupwith（提出）thename"artificialintelligence"over60yearsago.Manythingssuchaslearningandproblemsolvingcanbedonebycomputers,thoughnotinthesamewayaspeopledo.

AnunusualgoalofAIresearchistocreatecomputerprograms.Theycanlearn,solveproblems,andthinklogically（逻辑地）.Atpresent,Alcansuccessfullyunderstandinghumanspeech,recognizie（识别）humanfaces,operateself-drivingcarsandcompeteinsomegamesystemslikeplayingChess.However,somepeoplealsoconsider（认为）AIadangertohumansifitdevelopstooquickly.AfamousBritishscientistalsowasnotforthiskindoftechnology.

MathisthebasiclanguageofAI.Ifstudentsaregoodatmath,theywillbemorelikelytobecomesuccessfulAIdesigners（设计者）inthefuture.Weneednotonlybrightstudents,butalsoaverage（普通的）students.Asfor（对于）averagestudents,iftheygetenoughmathskills,theycanalsobecomesuccessfulAIdesigners.Besides,agoodknowledgeofcomputerscienceisalsonecessaryforAIdesigning.

Scientistshopetocreatecreative（有创造力）andemotional（有感情的）AI.TheAIcanpossiblyunderstandhumanfeelingsorcreateart.Manywaysandtoolshavebeentriedtodiscoverthiswideandexcitingfield.

13.FromParagraph1,weknowthat___________.

A.allproblemscanbesolvedbycomputers

B.machineswithAIcanthinkandlearn

C.AIhasbeenaroundforonly60years

D.AIworksinthesamewayaspeople

14.Accordingtothepassage,whatcan’tAIdoatpresent?

A.Understandhumanspeech.B.Operateself-drivingcars.

C.Competeinsomegamesystems.D.Understandhumanfeelings.

15.Theunderlinedword＂it＂inParagraph2refersto（指的是）___________.

A.chessB.ascientistC.thedangerD.AI

16.Accordingtothepassage,ifstudentswanttobecomesuccessfulAIdesigners,theyshouldlearn___________well.

A.mathandartB.artandtechnology

C.mathandcomputerscienceD.artandcomputerscience

17.Paragraph4mainlytellsusthescientist___________aboutAI.

A.wishesB.worriesC.feelingsD.discoveries

（五）【2019•安徽省中考】

Theworldusesaboutathousandmillion（百万）tonsofwateraday.Waterisahumanrightandeveryoneshouldhavetheirshare.Yetmorethan700mi