模块9Unit 2 Sailing the oceans.docx
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模块9Unit2Sailingtheoceans
模块9Unit2Sailingtheoceans
学习探究
PeriodIReadingandComprehending
Step1:
Skimming
Skimthepassageandfindoutthemainideaofthepassage.
A.Whyearlyseamenwantedtosailtheoceans.
B.Thereisusefulinformationinanencyclopedia.
C.Earlysailingmenwentexploringtheseasusingtheirskillsandsimpleinstruments.
D.Latitudeandlongitudeareimportanttoplotaship'sposition.
Step2:
Scanning
Scanthetextquicklyandchoosethebestanswerstothefollowingquestions.
1.Beforemoderninstrumentswereinvented,
peoplehardlyusedanynavigation.（）
2.Earlysailorscouldusetheheightofthesuntoworkouttheirlatitude.（）
3.Seamencan'tsailtheseaiftheydon'tknowlatitudeandlongitude.（）
4.Windcouldacceleratesailingspeedanditwasalwayssafeandeasytouse.（）
5.ThecompassalwaysindicatestheNorthPole,andseamencouldfindthedirectionthattheshipneededtogowithitshelp.（）
6.Itwasconsideredtobethemostusefulandleastdangerousformofexplorationtokeepalongsidethecoast-line.（）
7.Intheevening,seamancouldfollownestingbirdstolandeventhoughtheywereoffshoreandintheopensea.（）
Step3:
Studyreading
1.Readthepassageagainandusetheinformationtoanalyzethenavigationalskills.Usingnature
1）Tofindtheship'spositionatseaasailorusedtheNorthStarandthesun.
2）Asailorknewthatlandwasnearbyifhesaw_____.
3）Sailorsusedtoincreasetheirspeed.
Usinginstruments
4）Thereweretwomethodstofindlongitude:
ab_
5）Writedowntheworkingprinciplesofthefollowinginstruments:
a.Bearingcircle：
b.Astrolabe：
c.Quadrant:
d.Sextant____
2.TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoChinese:
Astheshipadvancedthroughthewaterthe
knotswerecountedastheypassedthroughaseaman'shands__________________________________________________________________________
这句话中as的表示“”
advance这里作动词，意思是
3.Analyseandrecitethefollowingsentences.
1）Wemaywellwonderhowseamenexploredtheoceansbeforelatitudeandlongitudemadeitpossibletoplotaship'spositiononamap.句中的well是副词，起到加强语气的作用。
maywell可译为
例如：
Theseareexcellentphotographsandwemaywellbeabletousetheminourmagazine.
其中madeitpossibletoplotaship'spositiononamap为make+it（宾语）+adj.+todo（宾语）结构。
2）Thisseemstohavebeenthefirstandmostusefulformofexplorationwhichcarriedtheminimumamountofrisk.
此句的主句为句型，中间含有seem的完成时态，表示该动作发生在谓语动词seem之完成。
exploration后接一个由which引导的从句。
3）Sailorsoftensawseaweedintheseaandcouldtellbythecolorandsmellhowlongithadbeenthere.
tell在此处为“”之意。
和文中的“Thenhecouldtellifhewassailingonhiscorrectratherthanarandomcourse”中的tell有之意。
4）Therewasnosecuremethodofmeasuringlongitudeuntilthe17thcenturywhentheBritishsolvedthistheoreticalproblem.
此句为notuntil句式，century后接了一个由when引导的从句。
no/not/hardly/never…until…译为“直到…才”，置于句首时主句用语序。
5）Nobodyknewthattheearthmovedwestwards15degreeseveryhour,butsailorsdidknowanapproximatemethodofcalculatinglongitudeusingspeedandtime.
此句为but连接的句。
did在句中起到加强语气的作用.usingspeedandtime是现在分词短语在句中做状语.
Step4:
Consolidation
I.Writeoutthewordsaccordingtothemeanings
1.imaginarylinearoundthemiddleoftheworld,measuredindegrees
2leastorsmallest
3.lineatwhichtheearthandskyappeartomeet
4safe
5.kindness,forgiveness
6.difficulttouse
7.havingthequalitiesofamagnet
8.madeordonewithoutanyplan
9.difficultconditionsoflife
10.thatmustbedone;requiredbytherules,etc.
11.actionofgoingawayorleaving
12.tobringsth.uptodate;tomakemoremodern
13.tomakesimple
14.seeorknowthatsth.isgoingtohappeninthefuture
15.fixedandregularwayofdoingthings
II.短语翻译
1.受……支配2．沿海岸线
3．冒最小的风险4．在北极
5．沿地平线6．导航
7．计算出纬度8．加速
9．把……绑在……上面10.从……中前进
11.和……有关12.参照点
13.而不是14.开拓眼界
15.把A比作B
III．根据课文内容和汉语提示，补全下面的英语句子。
1．（这似乎是）thefirstandmostusefulformofexplorationwhichcarriedtheminimumamountofrisk.
2．Sailorsoftensawseaweedintheseaand____________________（根据颜色判断）andsmellhowlongithadbeenthere.
3．（我们很可能感到奇怪）howseamenexploredtheoceansbeforelatitudeandlongitudemadeitpossibletoplotaship'sposition.
Learningandusinglanguage
Step1:
Mastertheimportantwords
1．mercyn.慈悲,怜悯;仁慈,宽容[U][（+on）]
常用派生词：
mercifuladj.仁慈的;慈悲的;宽容的。
常见短语：
atthemercyof受……所支配;任……摆布；show/havemercyon/upon对……表示怜悯；withoutmercy残忍地；begthemercyof请求得到……的宽恕；Itisamercythat…真幸运…
即学活用：
完成句子：
1）Asailoris（受……的摆布）theweather.
2）Thecommander________（对……怜悯）theprisonersofwar.
3）____________________（真是幸运）thewholefamilysurvivedtheearthquake.
2.nowhereadv.任何地方都不
重要用法：
用于句首，表示强调，常引起句子倒装。
如：
1）Nowhereelsecanyouenjoysuchbeautifulmusic.再没有别的地方能让你欣赏到如此优美的音乐。
2）NowherecouldIseehim.我上哪儿都找不到他。
拓展：
具有否定意义并放到句首形成倒装句的词除副词nowhere外，还有seldom,hardly,never,little,notonly…butalso,nosooner…than等。
常见短语：
go/getnowhere毫无结果;毫不顶用；nowheretobeseen/found不能看见或找到
即学活用：
1）根据汉语意思完成句子：
（1）Afewdollars____（毫不顶用）now.
（2）Thedictionaryis____________（不能看见或找到）.
2）Maybe you have been to many countries,but nowhere else _______such a beautiful place.
A.can you find B.you could find C. you can find D.could you find
3.incidentn.事件;事变[C]
辨析：
affair/event/incident/accident/occurrence/happening
affair的意思是“有关的事，事务，活动等”，如foreignaffairs（外事），也常指婚外恋；event指“每日里发生的事件、活动、比赛项目等”；incident同event意思相近，指“事件，事”，尤指较重大的、有影响的政治事件等。
accident强调偶然或意外发生的不幸事情。
occurrence和happening这两个词多指日常生活中发生的一般事件，有时也指偶然发生的事。
即学活用：
Theycompletedtheirjourneywithoutfurther______.
A.incidenceB.accidentC.incidentD.incidentals
4.tearvt.扯破；撕破。
其过去式为tore,过去分词为torn。
常用短语：
tearsth.apart把某物撕毁/碎；tearatsth．把某物撕裂／扯开；tearoneselfawayfromstth.某人依依不舍地离开／忍痛离去
即学活用：
Thegirlwasunabletotearherself_______fromTVthoughhermotheraskedhertohavedinner．
A.apartB.awayC.intoD．down
Step2Reviewthegrammar（ThePredicate）
I.Studytherule
Readthesentencesbelowandunderlinethepredicatepart.
1.Hepractisesrunningeverymorning.
2.YesterdayafternoonhereachedGuilin.
3.Whatdoesthiswordmean?
4.Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.
5.Helookedabitexcited.
6.Theweathergetswarmer,andthedaysgetlonger.
1.2.3.
4.5.6.
归纳:
1.谓语（ThePredicate）用来说明主语的动作或状态，由动词或动词词组担任。
谓语的构成依据其在句中繁简程度可把谓语分为谓语和谓语两类。
2.不论何种时态、语态、语气，凡由一个动词（动词词组）或并列动词（动词词组）构成的谓语都是谓语。
3.谓语也可分为两种情况：
第一种是由情态动词或助动词+不带to的动词不定式构成的复合谓语;第二种是由连系动词+表语构成的复合谓语。
4.英语中一个简单句只能出现一个谓语动词，因为谓语必须由动词担任，但动词不一定作谓语，不少同学因受汉语习惯影响将非谓语动词作谓语使用，造成双谓语句型.
例如：
站在那儿的男孩来自北京。
（误）TheboystoodtherecamefromBeijing
（正）TheboystandingtherecamefromBeijin
（正）TheboywhostoodtherecamefromBeijing.
II.Applytherule
1.用所给词的适当形式填空
1）Idon’tknowwhyhe（deposit）apileofbooksonmydesk．
2）Noonecouldhave（foresee）thatthingswouldturnoutthisway．
3）WhatIsaidmadethem______（roar）withlaughterjustnow．
4）Thepolice（swoop）onthetrucksastheyleftthecity．
5）Youcanenjoyallthewatersports，or______（simplify）lieonthebeach．
6）MillionsofchildreninAfricaarefacing______（starve）nowasaresultofthedrought．
7）Itisshethatmademeawareofmyown______（shortcoming）．
8）Peoplesufferedmany______（hardship）duringthewarbetweenthetwocountries．
9）Shemadeno______（refer）toherillnessbutonlytoherfutureplans．
10）Assoonastheyarrivedontheisland，theywereeagerto______（exploration）．
Step3Functionalitems
原因与结果（cause&effect）
Whyareyou…?
Whydidyou…?
Itwasbecause…Ashe…
Nowthat…Hewasdueto….
That’swhy…Howcouldyou….?
Becauseof…Thereasonisthat…
Sinceshe…Therefore…Itis…,soI’mafraid…
【活学活用】
1.Thereasonwhyhehasn'tcomeis
A.becausehismotherisillB.becauseofhismother'sbeingill
C.thathismotherisillD.forhismotherisill
2.Isthistheveryreason____atthemeetingforthecarelessness?
A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained
3.you’vegotachance,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.
A.NowthatB.AfterC.AlthoughD.Assoonas
PeriodIIIReadingandExpressing
Step1:
Reading
I.ReadPassageTwoTheGreatestNavigationalJourney:
ALessonInSurvivalandputthefollowingstatementsincorrectorderaccordingtotime.
1.WearrivedinTimorafterbeingsetlooseinoursmallboat.
2.Thecaptainusedasystemcalled"deadreckoning".
3.Someofthecrewtookovertheship.
4.Thoseofusonboardthe"Bounty"werecaughtinadilemma.
5.Thetensionintheboatgotworseasthesupplyoffoodandwatergraduallydisappeared.
6.Thecaptaintriedtopreserveourgoodspiritsbytellingstories.
7.IrealizedhowwrongitwastotreatCaptainBlighinthatway.
II.Readthepassageagainanddecidethefollowingsentencestobetrue（T）orfalse（F）.
（）1.Theonlyinstrumentsthecaptainwasallowedtotakewereacompassandaquadrant.
（）2.Wecouldn'tgetacorrectreadingfromthequadrantastheweatherwasbad.
（）3.Workingoutourpositiontookusagreatdealoftimewhichmadeusworried.
（）4.Theextremelackofwaterwasthehardesttocopewith.
（）5.Thecaptainwasdeterminednottogiveupalthoughheisextremelyweak.
III.Whichsentenceinthepassagecanbereplacedbythefollowingone?
Theyputthecaptainintoasmallboatandlethimmanagetogohome.
__________________________________________________________________________
IV.Analysethefollowingsentences.
1.Orshouldonestayonthe"Bounty"withthecrewandfacecertaindeathfromtheBritishNa
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