职称英语等级考试通过宝典9.docx
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职称英语等级考试通过宝典9
第32课
阅读理解
孙老师特别提示：
不是因为有些事情难以做到，我们才失去自信，
而是我们失去了自信，这些事情才难以做到！
职称英语应试技巧（内部教材）白皮32页
阅读理解解题顺序
1、抓中心，如果可能第一段多读一点。
2、读题干并扫一下ABCD。
3、分类解题。
4、不要把希望全部寄托在技巧上（找长的像的），
查字典能读还是读一下。
职称英语应试技巧（内部教材）白皮32页
LifeintheUniverse宇宙
注：
该文中心在第一句横线前后---宇宙中存在生命—生命可能与地球相似。
Manyscientiststodayareconvinced深信的thatlifeexists存在elsewhereintheuniverse—lifeprobablymuchlikethatonourownplanet.Theyreasoninthefollowingway.
Asfarasastronomers（天文学家）candetermine,theentireuniverseisbuiltofthesamematter.Theyhavenoreasontodoubtthatmatterobeysthesamelawsineverypartoftheuniverse.Therefore,itisreasonabletoguessthatotherstars,withtheirownplanets,wereborninthesamewayasourownsolarsystem.Whatweknowoflifeonearthsuggeststhatlifewillarisewherevertheproperconditionsexits.
Liferequirestherightamountandkindofatmosphere.Thiseliminatesallthoseplanetsintheuniversethatarenotaboutthesamesizeandweightastheearth.Asmallerplanetwouldloseitsatmosphere;alargeronewouldholdtoomuchofit.
Lifealsorequiresasteadysupplyofheatandlight.Thiseliminatesdoublestars,orstarsthatflareup（闪耀）suddenly.Onlysinglestarsthataresteadysourcesofheatandlightlikeoursunwouldqualify.
Finally,lifecouldevolveonlyiftheplanetisjusttherightdistancefromitssun.Withaweakersunthanourown,theplanetwouldhavetobeclosertoit.Withastrongersun,itwouldhavetobefartheraway.
Ifwesupposethateverystarintheuniversehasafamilyofplanets,thenhowmanyplanetsmightsupportlife?
First,eliminatethosestarsthatarenotlikeoursun.Next,eliminatemostoftheirplanets;theyareeithertoofarfromortooclosetotheirsuns.Theneliminateallthoseplanetswhicharenotthesamesizeandweightastheearth.Finally,rememberthattheproperconditionsdonotnecessarilymeanthatlifeactuallydoesexistonaplanet.Itmaynothavebegunyet,oritmayhavealreadydiedout.
Thisprocessofeliminationseemstoleaveveryfewplanetsonwhichearthlikelifemightbefound.However,eveniflifecouldexistononlyoneplanetinamillion,therearesomanybillionsofplanetsthatthiswouldstillleaveavastnumberonwhichlifecouldexist.
36.Astronomersbelievethatmatterindifferentpartsoftheuniverse
A.obeysdifferentlaws.
B.Obeysonecommonlaw.
C.Obeysthesamelaws.
D.Obeysnocommonlaw.
37.ThepassagementionsallofthefollowingfactorsfortheexistenceoflifeEXCEPT
A.therightamountofatmosphere.
B.Asteadysupplyofwater.
C.Steadyheatandlight.
D.Therightdistancefromthesun.
38.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?
A.Astronomersbelievethattheuniverseisbuiltofthesamematter.
B.Proper适当的conditionsareessentialtotheexistenceoflife.
C.Double两倍starscanprovidesteadylightandheat.
D.Astronomersbelievethatothersolarsystemsaresimilar,instructuretoours.
39.Whatkindofplanetelsewhereintheuniversecansupportlife?
A.Thosedoublestars’planets.
B.Thoseplanetsmuchhotterthanourearth.
C.Thoseplanetssimilar相似的totheearth.
D.Thoseplanetsveryclosetotheirsuns.
40.Attheendofthepassagetheauthorsuggeststhat
A.itisimpossible不可能的forlifetoexistonotherplanets.
B.Earthlikelifecouldonlyexistonafewplanets.
C.Lifecouldexistononlyoneplanetinamillion.
D.Lifecouldexistonagreatnumberofplanets.
LifeintheUniverse宇宙
注：
该文中心在第一句横线前后---宇宙中存在生命—生命可能与地球相似。
Manyscientiststodayareconvinced深信的thatlifeexists存在elsewhereintheuniverse—lifeprobablymuchlikethatonourownplanet.Theyreasoninthefollowingway.
Asfarasastronomers（天文学家）candetermine,theentireuniverseisbuiltofthesamematter.Theyhavenoreasontodoubtthatmatterobeysthesamelawsineverypartoftheuniverse.Therefore,itisreasonabletoguessthatotherstars,withtheirownplanets,wereborninthesamewayasourownsolarsystem.Whatweknowoflifeonearthsuggeststhatlifewillarisewherevertheproperconditionsexits.
Liferequirestherightamountandkindofatmosphere.Thiseliminatesallthoseplanetsintheuniversethatarenotaboutthesamesizeandweightastheearth.Asmallerplanetwouldloseitsatmosphere;alargeronewouldholdtoomuchofit.
Lifealsorequiresasteadysupplyofheatandlight.Thiseliminatesdoublestars,orstarsthatflareup（闪耀）suddenly.Onlysinglestarsthataresteadysourcesofheatandlightlikeoursunwouldqualify.
Finally,lifecouldevolveonlyiftheplanetisjusttherightdistancefromitssun.Withaweakersunthanourown,theplanetwouldhavetobeclosertoit.Withastrongersun,itwouldhavetobefartheraway.
Ifwesupposethateverystarintheuniversehasafamilyofplanets,thenhowmanyplanetsmightsupportlife?
First,eliminatethosestarsthatarenotlikeoursun.Next,eliminatemostoftheirplanets;theyareeithertoofarfromortooclosetotheirsuns.Theneliminateallthoseplanetswhicharenotthesamesizeandweightastheearth.Finally,rememberthattheproperconditionsdonotnecessarilymeanthatlifeactuallydoesexistonaplanet.Itmaynothavebegunyet,oritmayhavealreadydiedout.
Thisprocessofeliminationseemstoleaveveryfewplanetsonwhichearthlikelifemightbefound.However,eveniflifecouldexistononlyoneplanetinamillion,therearesomanybillionsofplanetsthatthiswouldstillleaveavastnumberonwhichlifecouldexist.
36.Astronomersbelievethatmatterindifferentpartsoftheuniverse
A.obeysdifferentlaws.
B.obeysonecommonlaw.
C.obeysthesamelaws.
D.obeysnocommonlaw.
查细节关键词的选择
1.查细节--从题干中找到关键词是成败的重要一环（就象在百渡中搜索一样）
2.查细节尽量避免用中心词，和常用词作为关键词
3.如答案A、B、C、D里有四个相同的词，便是关键词
4.一般发现A、B、C、D四个选项中，哪个选项出现中心词，一般该选项就是正确答案。
37.ThepassagementionsallofthefollowingfactorsfortheexistenceoflifeEXCEPT
A.therightamountofatmosphere.
B.Asteadysupplyofwater.
C.Steadyheatandlight.
D.Therightdistancefromthesun.
注解：
提到未提到，题型特点——NOTmentionedmentionexcept首先确定关键词life，找到在文章中的位置，逐一排除。
38.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?
A.Astronomersbelievethattheuniverseisbuiltofthesamematter.
B.Proper适当的conditionsareessentialtotheexistenceoflife.
C.Double两倍starscanprovidesteadylightandheat.
D.Astronomersbelievethatothersolarsystemsaresimilar相似的,instructuretoours.
注解：
题干中有INCORRECT相当于nottrue为对错选择，无关键词很难定位，只有通过查字典，推论出正确答案。
39.Whatkindofplanetelsewhereintheuniversecansupportlife?
A.Thosedoublestars’planets.
B.Thoseplanetsmuchhotterthanourearth.
C.Thoseplanetssimilar相似的totheearth.
D.Thoseplanetsveryclosetotheirsuns.
四.阅读题型四大原则：
此项特别重要
1.围着中心转——（先读有中心词的选项.一般就是答案）
2.先读容易的选项（读的懂的）先读短的选项从D向A读
3.出现多个数字，特别是阿拉伯数字时，须特别小心！
4.注意：
（1）绝对原则。
即有all,every，only等绝对的词一般不是正确答案！
Alloftheabove除外Aandb
（2）选项排除原则。
即留取相同项，排除不同项。
（3）关键词附近有中文注解特别注意
40.Attheendofthepassagetheauthorsuggeststhat
A.Itisimpossible不可能的forlifetoexistonotherplanets.
B.Earthlikelifecouldonlyexistonafewplanets.
C.Lifecouldexistononlyoneplanetinamillion.
D.Lifecouldexistonagreatnumberofplanets.
注意：
绝对原则。
即有all,every，only等绝对的词一般不是正确答案！
职称英语应试技巧（内部教材）白皮36页
AThirsty渴World
Theworldisnotonlyhungry,itisalsothirstyforwater.Thismayseemstrangetoyou,sincenearly75%oftheearth’ssurfaceiscoveredwithwater.Butabout97%ofthishugeamountissea-water,orsaltwater.Mancanonlydrinkandusetheother3%—thefreshwaterthatcomesfromrivers,lakes,underground,andothersources.Andwecannotevenuseallofthat,becausesomeofitisintheformoficebergs（冰山）andglaciers（冰川）.Evenworse,someofithasbeenpolluted.
Atthemoment,thissmallamountoffreshwaterisstillenoughforus.However,ourneedforwaterisincreasingrapidly.Onlyifwetakestepstodealwiththisproblemnowcanweavoidasevereworldwidewatershortagelateron.Alimitedwatersupplywouldhaveabadeffectonagricultureandindustry.
Inadditiontostoppingwastingourpreciouswater,oneusefulstepweshouldtakeistodevelopwaysofreusingit.Experimentshavealreadybeendoneinthisfield,butonlyonasmallscale.
Today,inmostlargecities,waterisusedonlyonceanditeventuallyreturnstotheseaorrunsintoundergroundstoragetanks.Butitispossibletopipewaterthathasbeenusedtoapurifying（净化）plant.Thereitcanbefiltered（过滤）andtreatedwithchemicalssothatitcanbeusedagainjustasifitwerefreshfromaspring.
Butevenifeverylargecitypurifiedandreuseditswater,westillwouldnothaveenough.Wherecouldweturnnext?
Totheoceans!
Allwe’dhavetodotomakeuseofthevastamountofsea-wateris—removethesalt.Thissalt-removingprocessisalreadyinuseinmanypartsoftheworld.
Soifwetakeallthesesteps,we’llbeinnodangerofdryingup!
31.Thephrase“theworld”inthefirstlineofthepassagerefersto
A.“man”.
B.“you”.
C.“woman”.
D.“they”.
32.Whatpercentageoftheearth’swatercanmanactuallyuseatpresent?
A.Nearly75percent.
B.About97percent.
C.Exactly3percent.
D.Lessthan3percent.
33.Accordingtothepassage,wecanavoidaworldwidewatershortageinthefutureby
A.increasingrainfall.
B.reusing再使用waterandutilizing利用sea-water.
C.cuttingdown削减ourconsumption消耗ofwater
D.reducingthenumberoffactoriesproducingsteel.
34.Whichofthefollowingstatements,accordingtothepassage,isNOTtrue?
A.Alimitedwatersupplywillaffectindustrialproduction.
B.Everylargecitypurifiesandreusesitswater.
C.Purified净化waterisnotexactlyasfresha
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