山东省成人学士学位考试试题.docx

山东省成人学士学位考试试题.docx

《山东省成人学士学位考试试题.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《山东省成人学士学位考试试题.docx（23页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

山东省成人学士学位考试试题

PartIReadingComprehension（35minutes,40points）

Directions:

Thereare4readingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Afteryoureadapassage,youshoulddeicideonthebestchoiceandthenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Passage1Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Achildwhohasoncebeenpleasedwithatalelikes,asarule,tohaveitretoldinalmostthesamewords,butthisshouldnotleadparentstotreatprintedfairystoriesasformaltexts.Itisalwaysmuchbettertotellastorythanreaditoutofabook,and,ifaparentcanproducewhat,intheactualsituationofthetimeandthechild,isanimprovementontheprintedtext,somuchthebetter.

Achargemadeagainstfairytalesisthattheyharmthechildbyfrighteninghimormakinghimsadthinking.Toprovethelatter,onewouldhavetoshowinacontrolledexperimentthatchildrenwhohavereadfairystoriesweremoreoftenstoryforcrueltythanthosewhohadnot.Astofears,thereare,Ithink,somecasesofchildrenbeingdangerouslyterrifiedbysomefairystory.Often,however,thisarisesfromthechildhavingheardthestoryonce.Familiaritywiththestorybyrepetitionturnsthepainoffearintothepleasureofafearfacedandmastered.

Therearealsopeoplewhoobjecttofairystoriesonthegroundsthattheyarenotobjectivelytrue,thatgiants,witches,two-headeddragons,magiccarpets,etc.donotexist;andthat,insteadofbeingfondofthestrangesideinfairytales,thechildshouldbetaughttolearntherealitybystudyinghistory.Ifindsuchpeople,Imustsaytopeculiar（奇怪的）thatIdonotknowhowtoarguewiththem.Iftheircaseweresound,theworldshouldbefullofmadmenattemptingtoflyfromNewYorktoPhiladelphiaonastickorcoveringatelephonewithkissesinthebeliefthatitwastheirbelovedgirl-friend.

Nofairystoryeverdeclaredtobeadescriptionoftherealworldandnocleverchildhaseverbelievedthatitwas.

1.Theauthorconsiderthatafairystoryismoreeffectivewhenitis____.

A.repeatedwithoutanychangeB.treatedasajoke

C.madesomechangesbytheparentD.setinthepresent

2.Accordingtothepassage,greatfearcantakeplaceinachildwhenthestoryis____.

A.inarealisticsettingB.heardforthefirsttime

C.repeatedtoooftenD.toldinadifferentway

3.Theadvantageclaimedforrepeatingfairystoriestoyoungchildrenisthatit____.

A.makesthemlessfearful

B.developstheirpowerofmemory

C.makesthembelievethereisnothingtobeafraidof

D.encouragesthemnottohavestrangebeliefs

4.Theauthor’smentionofsticksandtelephonesismeanttosuggestthat____.

A.fairystoriesarestillbeingmadeup

B.thereissomemisunderstandingaboutfairytales

C.peopletrytomodernizeoldfairystories

D.thereismoreconcernforchildren’sfearsnowadays

5.Oneofthereasonswhysomepeoplearenotinfavoroffairytalesisthat____.

A.theyarefullofimagination

B.theyarejustinventedstorieswhicharefarfromthetruth

C.theyarenotinteresting

D.theymaketeachersofhistorydifficulttoteach

Passage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

“IfthereisonethingI’msureabout,itisthatinahundredyearsfromnowwewillstillbereadingnewspapers.Itisnotthatnewspapersareanecessity.Evennowsomepeoplegetmostoftheirnewsfromtelevisionorradio.ManybuyapaperonlyonSaturdayorSunday.Butformostpeoplereadinganewspaperhasbecomeahabitpasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.

Thenatureofwhatisnewsmaychange.Whatbasicallymakesnewsiswhatnewsiswhataffectsourlivers---thebigpoliticalstories,thecoverageofthewars,earthquakesandotherdisasters,willcontinuemuchthesame.Ithinktherewillbemorecoverageofscientificresearch,though.It’salreadyhappeninginareasthatmaydirectlyaffectourlives,likegeneticengineering.Inthefuture,Ithinktherewillbemorecoverageofscientificexplanationsofwhywefeelaswedo---aswedevelopabetterunderstandingofhowthebrainoperatesandwhatourfeelingreallyare.

It’squitepossiblethatinthenextcenturynewspaperswillbetransmitted（传送）electronicallyfromFleetStreetandprintedoutinourownhome.Infact,I’mprettysurethathowitwillhappeninthefuture.Youwillprobablybeabletochoosefromamenu,makingupyouownnewspaperbypickingoutthethingsyouwanttoread---sportsandinternationalnew,etc.

Ithinkpeoplehavegotitwrongwhentheytalkaboutcompetitionbetweenthedifferentmedia.Theyactuallyfeedoffeachother.Somepeopleonceforesawthattelevisionwouldkilloffnewspapers,butthathasn’thappened.Whatisreadontheprintedpagelastslongerthanpicturesonascreenorsoundlostintheair.Andasfortheinternet,it’sneverreallypleasanttoreadsomethingjustonascreen.

6.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.TheBestWaytoGetNewsB.TheChangesofMedia

C.MakeYourOwnNewspaper

D.TheFutureofNewspaper

7.Inthewriter’sopinion,inthefuture,____.

A.morebigpoliticalaffairs,warsanddisasterswillmakenews

B.newspaperswillnotbeprintedinpublishinghousesanylonger

C.newspaperswillcovermorescientificresearch

D.moreandmorepeoplewillwatchTV

8.Whatwillprobablybeoninthenewspapermadebyyourself?

A.Sportsandinternationalnews.B.Amenuofimportantnews.

C.Themostimportantnews.D.Whatyouareinterestedin.

9.Fromthepassage,wecaninfer____.

A.newspaperswillwinthecompetitionamongthedifferentmedia

B.newspaperswillstaywithustogetherwithothermedia

C.televisionwilltaketheplaceofnewspaper

D.thewriterbelievesomemediawilldieout

10.Theunderlinedphrase“feedoff”inthelastparagraphmeans____.

A.dependonB.competewithC.fightwithD.killoff

Passage3Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Believeornot,opticalillusion（错觉）cancuthighwaycrashes.Japanisacaseinpoint.Ithasreducedautomobilecrashestosomeroadsbynearly75percentusingasingleopticalillusion.Butstripes,calledchevrons（人字形）,paintedontheroadsmakedriversthinkthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyare,andthusdriversslowdown.

NowtheAmericanAutomobileAssociationFoundationforTrafficSafetyinWashingtonD.C.isplanningtorepeatJapan’ssuccess.Startingnextyear,thefoundationwillpaintchevronsandotherpatternsofstripesonselectedroadsaroundthecountrytotesthowwellthepatternsreducehighwaycrashes.Excessive（toogreat）speedplaysamajorroleinasmuchasonefifthofallfataltrafficaccidents,accordingtothefoundation.Tohelpreducethoseaccidents,thefoundationwillconductitstestsinareaswherespeed-relatedhazards（danger）arethegreatestcurves,exitslopes,trafficcircles,andbridges.

Somestudiessuggestthatstraight,horizontalbarspaintedacrossroadscaninitiallycuttheaveragespeedofdriversinhalf.However,trafficoftenreturnstofullspeedwithinmonthsasdriversbecomeusedtoseeingthepaintedbars.Chevrons,scientistssay,notonlygivedriverstheimpressionthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyarebutalsomakealaneappeartobenarrower.Theresultisalongerlastingreductioninhighwayspeedandthenumberoftrafficaccidents.

11.Thepassagemainlydiscusses____.

A.anewwayofhighwayspeedcontrol

B.anewpatternforpaintinghighways

C.anewwayoftrainingdrivers

D.anewtypeofopticalillusion

12.Onroadspaintedwithchevrons,driverstendtofeelthat____.

A.theyshouldavoidspeed-relatedhazards

B.theyaredrivinginthewronglane

C.theyshouldslowdowntheirspeed

D.theyarecomingneartothespeedlimit

13.Theadvantageofchevronsoverstraight,horizontalbarsisthattheformer____.

A.cankeepdriversawake

B.cancutroadaccidentsinhalf

C.willlookmoreattractive

D.willhavealongereffectondrivers

14.TheAmericanAutomobileAssociationFoundationforTrafficSafetyplansto____.

A.tryouttheJapanesemethodincertainareas

B.changetheroadsignsacrossthecountry

C.replacestraight,horizontalbarswithchevrons

D.repeattheJapaneseroadpatterns

15.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutstraight,horizontalbarspaintedacrossroads?

A.Theyaresuitableonlyonbroadroads.

B.TheyarefallingoutofuseintheUnitedStates.

C.Theyareignoredinalongperiodoftime.

D.Theycannotbeusedsuccessfullytotrafficcircles.

Passage4Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

DeathValleyisoneofthemostfamousdesertsintheUnitedStates,coveringawideareawithitsalkalisand.Almost20percentofthisareaiswellbelowsealevel,andBadwater,asaltwaterpool,isabout280feetbelowsealevelandthelowestpointintheUnitedStates.

LongagothePanamintIndianscalledthisplace“Tomesha”---thelandoffire.DeathValley’spresentnamedatesbackto1849,whenagroupofminerscomingacrossfromNevadabecamelostinitsunpleasantnessandhugeness,andtheiradventureturnedouttobeasadstory.TodayDeathValleyhasbeendeclaredaNationalMonumentandiscrossedbyseveralwell-markedroadswheregoodservicescanbefoundeasily.Luckilythechangecreatedbyhumansettlementhashardlyruinedthespecialbeautyofthisplace.

Herenaturecreatedalotofsurprising,almostlikethesightsonthemoon,ever-changingasthefrequentwindmovesthesandabout,showingthemostunusualcolors.OneofthemostastonishingandvariablepartsofDeath