剑桥商务英语BEC高级考试冲刺模拟试题doc.docx
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剑桥商务英语BEC高级考试冲刺模拟试题doc
2020剑桥商务英语BEC高级考试冲刺模拟试题
Reading1hour
PARTONE
Questions1
–
8
Lookatthesentencesbelowandatthefivemanagerscommentsonleadershipontheoppositepage
’
Whichnewitem(A,B,C,DorE)doseeachstatement18referto?
–
Foreachstatement!
–
8,makeoneletter(A,B,C,Dor
E)onyourAnswerSheet.
Youwillneedtousesomeoftheselettersmorethanonce.
1、Successfulleadershipinvolvesmakingsurethatemployeesacceptnewideas.
2、Agoodleadercanbringsuccesstoacompanyindifficulties
3、Leadersshouldbeassessedonthebasisoftheirachievements
4、Thepersonalitiesofgoodleadersaregenerallydifferentfromthoseofothermanagers
5、Patienceisavaluablequalityinasuccessfulleader
6、Leadersconsiderpotentialchangesinwhattheircompanydoesforothers
7、Goodleaderswillencouragetheirstaffiftheirorganizationisindifficulties
8、Leadersneedtoadapttheirbehaviourtosuitdifferentcircumstances
9、
A
MaurizioVerna
Long-term,visionarybusinessleadersmustbepreparedtoinvesttogetwhattheywantfortheircompany.Theyknowwhenandhowtoapplypressureandtotakerisks,whentheyneedtodisplayamorehands-offapproach.Ihaveaprettyclearviewofmyidealbusinessleader,andofcoursethat
’s
whereI‘mtryingtohead:
heorsheshouldstartupandgrowacash-rich,multi-interestinternationalorganization
oftremendousstrengthanddepth.
B
SueTucker
Thepaceoftechnologicalchange,andtherateatwhichbusinessesarechanging,requiresleaderstohaveaparticularaptitudefortechnologyandanunderstandingoftheinternet.Alotofpeopleareawareoftheopportunities
here,butawarenessaloneisn’tenough:
inatrueleaderthisneedstobecoupledwithclevermarketing,product
designandtechnologicalinnovation,andkeepingabreastofeverythinggoingoninthecompany.Infacttheacidtest,Ithink,isbeingablletousealloftheseskillstoturnaroundafailingcompany.
C
CarolGodfrey
Effectiveleadersstandoutfromtheherd.Theyidiosyncratic,eveneccentric.Theyhavetheconfidencetobethemselves,andnottoadoptthelanguageandattributesoftherun-of-the-millprofessionalmanagersandaccountants.What’scrucialishavingthecharismaorwhateveritisthatgivestheirstaffconfidenceinthem,sotheycankeepeveryoneonboardwhentheywanttomakeinnovations.Sooftenthesedon’tgetoffthegroundbecauseoflackofleadership,becauseafterall,ourresponsetochangeissignificantlyaffectedbyhowit’sintroduced.
’reoften
EAnaCosta
Outstandingleadersunderstandbothtacticsandstrategy,
andarepreparedtoplayaverylonggametoachievetheir
objectives.Theyunderstandthatinnegotiationstheyneed
the“win-win”concept,becauselosersrisklosingtheir
dignity,whichisnogoodforyourlong-termbusiness
relationshipwiththem.Leadersmuststayoptimistic,
whatevertheodds,andkeepupmoraleoftheircompany,even
whenthegoing’stough.It’simportanttobeverymuch
hands-on,too.Agoodleaderwillchampionideasthatkeep
thecompanyintheforefront.
PARTTWO
Questions9–14
Readthetexttakenfromanarticleaboutthedevelopmentofinternationalmanagers
Choosethebestsentencefromtheoppositepagetofilleachofthegaps.
Foreachgap9–14,markoneletter(A-H)onyourAnswerSheet.
Donotuseanylettermorethanonce.
Thereisanexampleatthebeginning.(0)
Searchforthe“worldly–wise”companyexecutives
Thequestforinternationalmanagersisunderwayinvirtuallyeveryindustrializedeconomy,thesearchhasbeenmadeurgentbytheglobalizationofworldmarketsandthegrowthincrossbordermergersandacquisitions.(0)Manyfirmsreportbeingsostretchedthattheysimplydonothaveenoughofthehigh-qualitypeopletheyrequiretoleadtheirtheirglobalexpansion.
Othercompaniesarehavingdifficultiesreleasingexperiencedpeoplefromexistingoperationsinordertoleadnewinternationalventures.Thereareindicationsthatashorftageofinternationallyskilledpeoplemaybean
importantconstraintonfirms’internationalambitions.(9)However,identifyingtheneedforinternationalmanagersiseasierthandevelopingthem.
Sowhatmakesaninternationalmanager?
PaulEvans,aprofessoratINSEAD,theEuropeanbusinessschool,doesnotbelievethatanyparticularnationalityproducesamore
internationalmanager.Neitherdoeshebelievethatit’samatterofhavingtheabilitytocopewithalifestylethat
involvesworkinginMadridoneday,Londonthenextand
Berlinthedayafter.(10)Rather,hebelievesthatthesecretofbeingagoodinternationalmangerisbeingcomfortablewithmanagingdiversity.
FordofEurope,whichhasencouragedthedevelopmentofinternationalmanagersformorethan20years,saysthatitsmanagersareglobally-mindedbeforetheybecomeglobaloperators.(11)acarthatyoubuyintheUK,forexample,isgoingtobethesamecarthatsellsinGermany,Finlandand
Portugal,sothepeoplewhoareinvolvedinthecar’sdevelopmenthavetobeawareofthemarketrequirementsin
allthosedifferentcountries.
Generally,itseemsthattheonlyeffectivewaytodevelopinternationalskillsandperspectivesisthroughdirectinternationalexperience.(12)Suchexperiencesopenpeople’smindstothefactthatthingsaredonedifferentlylesewhereandencouragesthemtothinkinawildercontext..
Formulatingeffectivestrategiesfordevelopinga
company’smanagementresourceisademandingexercise,with
conflictingissuestobesolved(13)Anotherdilemmais
whethertouselocalmanagersorexpatriates.
Therecruitmentanddevelopmentofeffectiveinternationalmanagersrequiresconsiderablefinancialresourcesandcanbehardtojustifyatbudgetmeetings.(14)however,withoutthem,companieswillcontinuetofindtheirexpansionplansfrustratedbyalackofinternationallyeffectivemanagers.
Afromthemomenttheyjointhecompany,employeesarefacedwithhavingtothinkinternationally
BThiscanbethroughinvolvementininternationaltaskforcesorthroughlivingandworkingabroad.
CShould,forexample,onlyanelitefewreceiveinternationalexperienceinpreparationfortopjobsorshoulditbeofferedtoawidergroup?
Dtheseproblemsmeanthatdevelopingmanagerswhothinkandoperategloballyisabsolutelyvitalforcompaniesoperatinginforeignmarkets.
ELanguagetraining,overseasvisitsandin-housemanagementcoursesareallexpensivetoimplement.
FJet-settingbetweeninternationaloperationsmerelycreatesabusinessequivalentoftheover-packagedtourist
GCompaniesarenowemphasizingthehumanskillsinvolvedinmanagingotherpeople
HThesetrendsarepushingcompanies’existingmanagementresourcestothelimit
PARTTHREE
Questions15-20
Readthefollowingextractfromabookonmanagementandthequestionsontheoppositepage.
Foreachquestion15–20,markoneletter(A,B,CorD)
onyourAnswerSheetfortheansweryouchoose
Inthelastfewyears,managersthroughoutindustryhaveseenmorechangesthanmanyofthemcouldhaveexpectedtoseeintheirentireworkingliveshavingtocommunicate
informationwhichoftenleadstofeelingsofinsecurityhasbecomeakeyactivity.Frombeingregardedasrelativelyunimportantinmanycompanies,managementemployeecommunicationhasbecomeacentralcorporateneed.
ConcordiaInternationalprovidesagoodexampleofacompanythathasadjustedwelltothechangingneedsforcommunication.since1995,Concordiahasbeenturnedinside-outandupside-down,toensurethatitisamarketing
–led,customer-responsivebusiness,onethatlooksoutwardsatcustomersandcompetitors,ratherthaninwardsatitsownprocessesandthewaythingsweredoneinthepast.Inthelasteightyears,Concordiahasreduceditsworkforcebymorethan80.000people-or35%-onavoluntarybasis,withfurtherdownsizinganticipated.
Frombeinganengineeringcompany,Concordiaisnowremakingitselfasaservicecompany.Theroleofemployee
communicationinsuchacontextistobuildpeople’sself-confidence,topersuadethemthat,althoughitisinevitable
thatthechangeswillgoahead,theyalsobringwiththemnewopportunitiesforemployees.However,thisisnotaneasytask.Peopletendtobeskepticaloftheseclaimsandtofeelthattheyarelosingtouchwiththecompanytheyhaveworkedforovermanyyears.Thisisunderstandable,sincemanyoftheoldcertaintiesarebeingsweptaway,includingthecoreactivitiesofthecompanytheyworkfor.Aboveall,theyhavehadtofaceuptothefactthattheynolongerhaveajobforlife.
Researchindicatesthatpeoplerespondtothispredicamentinavarietyofways.Thebulkofemployeesfall
intotwomaincategoriesintermsoftheirresponsetothe
newsituation:
ontheonehandtherearethe“pragmatistsandontheother“thehighlyanxious”theformerseetheir
”
jobasameanstoanendandhavearelativelyshort-term
perspective,withstrongloyaltytotheirlocalterm,ratherthanthecompanyasawhole.thesecondcategory,usuallythemajority,mayrespondtothreatenedchangeswithafeelingofhavingbeenletdown,andevenfeelangeratthecompanyforwhattheyseeaschangingthetermsoftheiremployment.
`Theemployeecommunicationprocessneedstobecapableofaccuratelydirectingitsmessagesatavarietyofemployeegroupsanddepartmentswithintheworkforce.thisiswhymiddlemanagersandlinemanagersaresokeytocommunication.Theyarethepeoplewhoknowaboutthefullrageo